为了研究农田耕层结构现状及合理耕层构建方法,以昌图县为研究区域,调查分析了目前旱田耕层现状和形成原因。调查结果表明,试验区农田平均耕层深度14.04cm,平均有效土壤量为1.75×106kg/hm2,平均有机质含量1.83%,平均下层土壤容重1.42 g/cm3,未达到合理耕层标准。深松可使耕层深度和有效耕层土壤量分别增加20.66%和17.14%,并使深层土壤容重降低5.63%；施用有机肥可提高耕层有机质含量0.38个百分点,土壤容重降低4.80%。连年深松并施用有机肥是构建合理耕层的有效措施。
英文摘要:
The main objective of this work was to investigate the current status of the farmland plough layer and the construction methods of the rational plough layer by survey and analysis on the present situation and the forming reason of the dry farmland plough layer in Changtu county. The result showed that the average depth of the plough layer, the average effective amounts of plough layer, the average amounts of soil organic matter, and the average bulk density of the soil lower layer was 14.04cm, 1.75×106kg/hm2, 1.83% and 1.42 g/cm3, respectively, which did not reach the standards of the rational plough layer. Subsoiling increased the depth and effective amounts of the plough layer by 20.66% and 17.14%, respectively, as well as reduced the soil bulk density by 5.63%. Organic fertilizer application improved the organic matter content of plough layer by 0.38%, and reduced the soil bulk density by 4.80%. We suggested that combination of the subsoiling and organic fertilizer application is the effective way to construct the rational plough layer structure.
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