PNAS:北京大学邓兴旺、陈浩东研究组发现光差异性调控植物不同
2016年4月26日,国际著名学术期刊《美国国家科学院院刊》杂志在线发表了北京大学生命科学学院邓兴旺、陈浩东团队共同合作的题为“Arabidopsis SAURs are critical for differential light regulation of the development of various organs”的研究论文,论文报道研究人员发现光差异性调控植物不同器官发育的重要分子机制。博士研究生孙宁、汪加军为论文共同第一作者。邓兴旺教授和陈浩东副研究员为论文共同通讯作者。
光是地球上生物生命活动所需能量的来源,同时也是极其重要的调控植物发育的信号。早在20世纪40年代,植物生理学家们就描述了光对植物不同器官差异性调控的现象,比如光促进叶片的发育却抑制茎的伸长。这种差异性调控的现象有利于植物适应不同的光环境,然而其具体机制很不清楚。
研究人员选取拟南芥幼苗脱黄化的过程作为研究对象,暗中生长的黄化幼苗在见光后,子叶迅速延展,但胚轴的快速伸长却受到抑制。组学分析表明对生长素快速响应的Small Auxin Up RNAs(SAURs)家族基因呈现出器官特异性光响应的表达模式。见光后,一组SAURs基因在子叶中的表达量迅速上调,胚轴中的表达量却显著下调,与此过程中子叶和胚轴的生长趋势相符。过表达和突变分析表明这些SAURs确实可以促进细胞伸长,其具体机制可能是通过抑制一类磷酸酶PP2C-Ds的活性。进一步研究表明,光通过调控植物激素生长素的含量和光信号核心转录因子PIFs稳定性,可以实现对不同器官中SAURs表达的差异性调控。该研究揭示了光信号差异性调控植物不同器官发育的一种重要分子机制,深化了人们对光如何调控植物发育的认识。
图:光差异性调控植物子叶和胚轴发育的作用机制
原文链接:
ArABIdopsis SAURs are critical for differential light regulation of the development of various organs
原文摘要:
During deetiolation of Arabidopsis seedlings, light promotes the expansion of cotyledons but inhibits the elongation of hypocotyls. The mechanism of this differential regulation of cell enlargement is unclear. Our organ-specific transcriptomic analysis identified 32 Small Auxin Up RNA (SAUR) genes whose transcripts were light-induced in cotyledons and/or repressed in hypocotyls. We therefore named these SAURs aslirSAURs. Both overexpression and mutation analyses demonstrated that lirSAURs could promote cotyledon expansion and opening and enhance hypocotyl elongation, possibly by inhibiting phosphatase activity of D-clade type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2C-Ds). Light reduced auxin levels to down-regulate the expression of lirSAURs in hypocotyls. Further, phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) were shown to directly bind the genes encoding these SAURs and differentially regulate their expression in cotyledons and hypocotyls. Together, our study demonstrates that light mediates auxin levels and PIF stability to differentially regulate the expression of lirSAURs in cotyledons and hypocotyls, and these lirSAURs further mediate the differential growth of these two organs.
作者:邓兴旺、陈浩东