Genome Res:四川大学岳碧松研究组发表狼种群基因组学研究进展
近日，国际著名学术期刊《Genome Research》上在线发表四川大学生命科学学院青年教师范振鑫副研究员的有关狼种群基因组学研究成果，研究题为Worldwide patterns of genomic variation and admixture in gray wolves。四川大学生命科学学院岳碧松教授和加州大学的Robert Wayne教授为本文的共同通讯作者。
该研究利用高通量测序技术和生物信息学分析方法，对世界范围内的24只狼、7只狗和3只其它犬科动物的全基因组进行了测序和分析。研究发现，世界各地的狼按地理分布形成了显著的遗传结构，并在3万年前经历了显著的瓶颈效应，种群数量大大减少，各大疑似狗起源中心分布区的狼并没有表现出和狗有更近的遗传关系，推测狗的直接祖先并不是现生狼，可能已经灭绝。进一步分析表明，除分布在我国的西藏狼外，其余欧亚大陆的狼均和不同品系的狗有基因交流现象，如亚洲狼基因组中有高达20%的区域是来自于狗。本论文对理解狼的进化历史及其与狗的关系提出了全新的视角。
原文链接:
Worldwide patterns of genomic variation and admixture in gray wolves
原文摘要：
The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is a widely distributed top predator and ancestor of the domestic dog. To address questions about wolf relationships to each other and dogs, we assembled and analyzed a data set of 34 canine genomes. The divergence between New and Old World wolves is the earliest branching event and is followed by the divergence of Old World wolves and dogs, confirming that the dog was domesticated in the Old World. However, no single wolf population is more closely related to dogs, supporting the hypothesis that dogs were derived from an extinct wolf population. All extant wolves have a surprisingly recent common ancestry and experienced a dramatic population decline beginning at least ∼30 thousand years ago (kya). We suggest this crisis was related to the colonization of Eurasia by modern human hunter–gatherers, who competed with wolves for limited prey but also domesticated them, leading to a compensatory population expansion of dogs. We found extensive admixture between dogs and wolves, with up to 25% of Eurasian wolf genomes showing signs of dog ancestry. Dogs have influenced the recent history of wolves through admixture and vice versa, potentially enhancing adaptation. Simple scenarios of dog domestication are confounded by admixture, and studies that do not take admixture into account with specific demographic models are problematic.
作者：岳碧松
