海峡联合研究院基因组中心张亮生课题组在《The Plant Journal 》发

海峡联合研究院基因组中心张亮生课题组在《The plant Journal 》发表研究成果

相对于C3和C4光合作用，CAM是一种特化的光合作用，可以在夜间吸收二氧化碳，提高水分利用率，帮助植物适应缺水地区，如半干旱沙漠和季节性缺水森林。21世纪全球人口剧增和急剧的气候变迁对现有的农业生产系统构成了较大的威胁，为了满足随着人口剧增所带来的农作物、畜牧、纤维和燃料危机。CAM是解决这些危机的一个突破口，全球很多研究团队正在集中于解析CAM光合通路的分子机制，希望通过基因工程将CAM引入作物，从而提高水分利用和提高缺水地区的作物产量。因此，对于CAM机理、进化、CAM植物基因组特点的解析将是突破CAM光合通路的分子机制的基础。

该文系统的利用了兰科中CAM和非CAM兰花对碳固定代谢过程进行了深入的分析。发现在CAM和非CAM植物中，基因拷贝数变化上没有明显差别，但是在基因表达水平上差异明显，因而推测CAM途径的产生可能是由于基因表达变化而驱动的。

上述工作张亮生教授是第一和通讯作者，福建农林大学为第一单位，联合深圳兰科中心刘仲健教授，田纳西州大学和南京农业大学的程宗明教授(Horticulture Research主编)一起完成的。

张亮生教授自2015年6月份加盟基因组中心，还以福建农林大学为参与单位发表多篇论文，其中之一以第二单位在Plant Cell发表论文，如下：

1)Niu B, Wang L, Zhang L, Ren D, Ren R, Copenhaver GP, Ma H, Wang Y. Arabidopsis cell division Cycle 20.1 Is Required for Normal Meiotic Spindle Assembly and Chromosome Segregation. Plant Cell. 2015 Dec;27(12):3367-82. (IF=9.34).

2)Zhang GQ, …….Zhang L†, ……., Liu ZJ. The Dendrobium catenatum Lindl. genome sequence provides insights into polysaccharide synthase, floral development and adaptive evolution.. Scientific Reports. 2016 Jan 12;6:19029. (IF=5.58). †These authors jointly supervised this work

3)Tang H, Bomhoff MD, Briones E, Zhang L, Schnable JC, Lyons E5. SynFind: Compiling Syntenic Regions across Any Set of Genomes on Demand. Genome Biology and Evolution. 7(12):3286–3298. (IF=4.23).

张亮生博士除了在Plant Journal上以通讯作者发表论文，2015年来还以通讯作者在New Phytologist 和Plant Physiology 等发表多篇论文。

原文来源：

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tpj.13159/full

原文摘要：

CAM photosynthesis is a CO2 fixation pathway that maximizes water use efficiency (WUE) compared to the C3/C4 CO2 pathway, which permits CAM plants to adapt to arid environments. The CAM pathway provides excellent opportunities to genetically design plants, especially bioenergy crops, with a high WUE and better photosynthetic performance than C3/C4 in arid environments. However, the available information on the origin and evolution of CAM is scant. Here, we analyzed transcriptomes from 13 orchid species and two existing orchid genomes, covering CAM and C3 plants, with an emphasis on comparing 13 gene families involved in the complete carbon fixation pathway. The dosage of the core photosynthesis-related genes plays no substantial role in the evolution of CAM in orchids. However, CAM may have evolved primarily by changes at the transcription level of key carbon fixation pathway genes. We proposed that in both dark and light, CO2 is primarily fixed and then released through two metabolic pathways via known genes, such as PPC1, PPDK and PPCK. This study reports a comprehensive comparison of carbon fixation pathway genes across different photosynthetic plants, and reveals the importance of the level of expression of key genes in the origin and evolution of CAM.

作者：张亮生课题组