本试验以中单909的两个亲本郑58和HD568构建的重组自交系为材料，对不同种植密度下的穗上叶性状进行遗传特性剖析，为玉米耐密性株型育种提供理论参考。通过P1、P2以及RIL三个世代联合分析发现：环境对穗上叶性状的表型有着显著影响，不同种植密度对穗上叶的表型呈现一定的规律，穗上叶性状的广义遗传力均较高；对穗上叶叶面积进行联合分离分析发现，在中、高密度下两环境的遗传模型一致，均符合E-9模型；而在低密度下两环境分别为E-9和F-1模型，说明穗上叶叶面积的最优遗传模型是两对具有抑制性的主基因和多基因控制的加性遗传模型，但会受到密度效应的影响，不同密度下遗传模型的差异在后代育种中都具有重要的指导作用。
英文摘要:
Utilizing three generations, male parent Zheng58 (P1), female parent HD568 (P2) and the RIL population derived from the ZD909 hybrid, to study the genetic characters of different density treatments of leaf traits above the uppermost ear, which provided some theoretical references for density tolerance maize breeding. The paper showed the environment factor had a significant effect on the leaf traits, the density treatments presented some regularities in leaf traits, and the leaf traits had relatively high broad-sense heritability. The research with joint segregation analysis of the three generations found the leaf area above the uppermost ear in two environments under medium and high density treatments both fitted the genetic model E-9, however the low density genetic model in environmentⅠwas the E-9 and in environmentⅡwas F-1. And the result showed the leaf area above the uppermost ear was controlled by the two inhibited main genes and polygenes additive interaction model, it would be affected by the density difference, and the two model in different situation both played an important role in guidance on plant architecture breeding in maize.
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