摘要：在不同施氮量条件下解析玉米光合生产能力杂种优势与产量杂种优势关系，对玉米高产高效品种选育及栽培调控均具有重要意义。以典型玉米单交种先玉335和郑单958及其亲本为材料，在0 kg/hm2（0N）和150 kg/hm2（150N）两个氮水平下，研究玉米单交种光合生产能力杂种优势与产量杂种优势的关系及其对氮肥的响应。0N条件下，玉米单交种产量杂种优势主要来源于干物质积累量和LAI的杂种优势，而叶片光合特性Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr均未表现出杂种优势。150N条件下，产量杂种优势显著提高，较0N高36.6%；除干物质积累量和LAI等群体数量性状仍具有杂种优势外，叶片光合特性Pn、Gs、Tr和SPAD值等个体功能性状也表现出明显的杂种优势。施氮条件下，干物质积累量和LAI的杂种优势没有提高，但Pn、Gs、Tr和SPAD值的杂种优势分别较0N提高35.8%、55.3%和50.9%和19.6%。施氮条件下玉米单交种产量杂种优势的提高主要来源于叶片光合特性杂种优势的提高，而与干物质积累量和LAI的杂种优势无关。
英文摘要:
Abstract：Clarifying the relationship between photosynthetic capacity heterosis and yield heterosis of maize under different nitrogen rate is of great importance to improve yield and resource use efficiency synchronously in maize breeding and cultivation.Field experiment was conducted in which two typical commercial maize hybrids Xianyu335 and Zhengdan958 and their parental inbred lines were grown at 0 kg N ha-1 (0N) and 150 kg N ha-1 (150N) respectively, to test nitrogen rate consequences on the relationship of photosynthetic capacity heterosis and yield heterosis. Photosynthetic capacity indexes such as Pn, Gs, Ci and Tr did not express heterosis at 0N, yield heterosis was mainly come from heterosis of total dry matter and LAI. At 150N, besides the colony quantitative traits such as DM and LAI kept heterosis, the individual leaf photosynthetic functional traits such as Pn, Gs, Tr and SPAD value expressed strong heterosis. 150 kg N ha-1 application resulted in an increase in yield heterosis by 36.6% compared to that at 0N, and increases in heterosis of Pn, Gs, Tr and SPAD value separately by 35.8%, 55.3%,50.9% and19.6%, but the heterosis of total dry matter and LAI did not increase.The improvement of yield heterosis of maize hybrids under nitrogen application conditions primarily attributed to the increase in heterosis of photosynthetic capacity, it had nothing to do with the heterosis of total dry matter and LAI.
;
