叶夹角作为一项重要的株型指标，对植株光照及CO2利用率产生直接影响，进而影响作物产量。本研究以150个重组自交系群体为供试材料，利用完备区间作图法，对两年三点(2014-2015年分别在杨凌，榆林，葫芦岛)的穗三叶叶夹角表型数据进行了QTL定位分析，目的在于发掘在多环境下稳定表达的叶夹角QTL，为玉米株型分子育种提供理论基础。结果表明，6个环境下共定位到34个QTL，各个染色体上均有分布，单个QTL可解释4.98%—22.78%的表型变异，控制叶夹角的QTL受环境的影响较大，大部分QTL只能在一种环境下被检测到。其中有3个QTL（qSecLA1-1、qThiLA1-1和qThiLA5-1）分别在3种及以上环境中同时被检测到，是控制玉米叶夹角的主效QTL。对这些主效QTL进行后续研究，有望在玉米株型分子育种上有所突破。
英文摘要:
Leaf angle is an important indicator of plant agriculture, which can impact on light and CO2 utilization radio of plants directly, thereby affecting crop yield. In order to provide the theoretical basis for maize plant agriculture molecular breeding, this study aims to explore leaf angle QTL loci expressed stably in multiple environments. In this study, 150 recombinant inbred lines were used, and phenotypes data of three leaves angle near the ear for two years at three locations(Yangling,Yulin and Huludao,2014—2015) were analysised by using Inclusive Composite Interval Mapping (ICIM) method of QTL IciMapping V4.0 software. The results showed that 34 QTLs were detected on all chromosomes under six environments, the range of single QTL explaining phenotypic variation was from 4.98% to22.78%, QTLs for leaf Angle were greatly influenced by environments, most of the QTLs could only be detected under one environment. Three QTLs (qSecLA1-1,qThiLA1-1 and qThiLA5-1) were detected under more than three environments, which were major QTLs for maize leaf angle. The subsequent research for those QTLs, is expected to have a breakthrough on maize molecular breeding.
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