基于田间试验统计和SSR分子标记的遗传多样性分析,分析了4个供体对玉米自交系QR273改良效应。结果表明,不同供体间的6个性状在(P=0.005)水平上存在真实的显著差异；以自交系QB572、QB576和T32为供体,改良系与QR273在穗长性状上有不同程度的减少；在穗粗和穗行数上多数改良系得以提高；不同供体间的同一性状的表型变异系数呈不规则波动式变化,但从总体上看,不同供体大多数性状的表型变异系数变化幅度小。对照大于10%的测交组合均为供体QB576和T32所改良系组配的组合,改良效果明显。基于SSR分子标记分析结果,从146对引物中用筛选出的清晰稳定的引物42对,对33份供试自交系进行同源性位点扩增,共检测到162个等位基因变异,平均每个点检测到等位基因数位3.9个,变化范围1-6个。每个位点的PIC值变幅为0.0795-0.5159,平均为0.2838。通过UPGMA和主坐标分析,将供试自交系被划为4个类群：第Ⅰ类群包括除QB2147、QB2188、QB1955、QB2163和QB2164外其他QR273改良系；第Ⅱ类群为QB2147;第Ⅲ类群为QB2188、T32、QB572和QB576；第Ⅳ类群为QB1955、QB2163、QB2164和QB48。因此,在选准供体亲本的基础上改良玉米自交系,回交1次后,在自交过程中加强目标性状的鉴定选择及配合力测定,可提高育种效率。
英文摘要:
Analyzing the improvement effects of four donor played on inbred line QR273 based on the field test statistics and genetic diversity with SSR markers. The results show that significant difference(P = 0.005) exist between different donors in 6 traits. In inbred QB572, QB576 and T32 for the donor, improved lines and QR273 show different degrees of reduction on ear length. ear diameter and ear rows have improved in most improved lines. Phenotypic variation coefficient of the same traits among different donors show irregular and fluctuated changes, but phenotypic trait variation coefficients in most donors change little in general. Control more than 10% of the measured cross combinations thereof, are donor QB576 and T32 the group with a combination of improved lines,
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