以华美甜168和华美糯7号为试验材料,盆栽条件下在苗期、拔节期和抽雄吐丝期进行淹水处理(淹水历时为0d,4d,8d,12d,16d,0d为对照),对淹水后两个鲜食玉米品种的形态特征、叶片理化特性及产量进行了研究。结果表明：随着淹水历时的延长,两个品种鲜食玉米的形态、生理和产量变化的幅度而增大。淹水降低鲜玉米的产量,穗行粒数的减少是产量降低的主要因素。华美甜168以拔节期减产最为严重；华美糯7号以抽雄吐丝期影响最大。淹水使玉米株高增长率、新叶生长率下降,叶片的SPAD值和净光合速率下降,叶片中游离脯氨酸(Pro)丙二醛(MDA)含量增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高。淹水后华美甜168叶片的SPAD值和净光合速率与产量显著和极显著正相关；华美糯7号株高的变化量、叶片的SPAD值与产量显著或极显著正相关,Pro、MDA含量和SOD酶活性与产量显著或极显著负相关。广东种植鲜食玉米应注意田间排水,防止涝渍危害。
英文摘要:
It was investigated that the changing of 2 fresh eating corn varieties (Huameitian168 and Huameinuo7) morphological characteristics, physical and chemical properties of blade, and yields in different growth stages (such as seedling, jointing, and spinning tasseling) after waterlogging for keeping different durations ( 0 d, 4d, 8d, 12d and 16d) in pot culture. The results showed the more days waterlogging keeping, the more drastic variation showed of tested items. Per row of grains reduction with waterlogging was the main factor leading to the yields decrease. Huameitian168 reduced severe in jointing stage; Huameinuo7 was most heavily affected in spinning tasseling stage. Waterlogging decreased the maize plant height growth rate, new leaves growth rate, leaf SPAD values and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), but increased both contents of leaf free proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) . After waterlogging, Huameitian168 leaf SPAD values and Pn had positive correlation with production, significantly or extremely significantly; Huameinuo7 plant height, leaf SPAD values with yield reached significant or extremely significant positive correlation, Pro, MDA content and SOD enzyme activity significantly or extremely significantly negative correlated with yield.
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