玉米转座子系统主要有En/Spm 系统、Ac/Ds系统和Mutator 系统三大类。其中Mutator 转座子易于插入到基因内部及基因周围,引起的正向突变频率为 10-4-10-5,比野生玉米高出近 30 倍,所引起的突变大部分为隐性突变。由转座子引起的突变,还可以通过TAIL-PCR的方法,对相关的突变基因进行克隆。当前通过这种方法,已经把一些重要的基因克隆了出来。本文主要对Mutator 转座子的种类、结构特征和作用性质进行了综述。文末对Mutator 转座子的研究应用进行了展望。
英文摘要:
The main system of the maize transposon is En/Spm system, Ac/Ds system and Mutator system, the three major categories of the transposon system. Among them, the Mutator was prone to insert within and around the gene, the positive mutation frequency was 10-4-10-5, which was nearly 30 times higher than that of the wild corn, and most of the mutations were recessive mutations. The mutation can also be cloned by TAIL-PCR method. By this method, some important genes have been cloned. In this paper, the species, structure and function of Mutator were summarized. At the end of the paper, the research and application of Mutator were discussed.
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