Lancet Infect Dis:北京大学公共卫生学院刘民教授课题组发表中国农
“在过去的20年中,乙肝病毒感染在中国农村男性人群中已从高流行状态转变为中流行状态。但是,目前中国农村男性乙肝病毒感染者和易感人群的绝对数量仍然很大。”英国著名医学期刊《柳叶刀传染病》(The Lancet Infectious Diseases)在2015年8月10日在线发表了北京大学公共卫生学院刘民教授课题组与国家卫计委妇幼健康服务司共同合作完成的研究论文《中国农村200万名21-49岁男性乙肝病毒感染的血清流行病学:一项以人群为基础的横断面调查》。《柳叶刀传染病》杂志还专门为该文配发了题为《中国未来乙肝控制的机遇》的评述,认为该文突出阐述了中国在成功开展了儿童乙肝疫苗免费接种项目之后所面临的新挑战,对该研究的重要性和所提供的公共卫生价值给予了高度评价。
中国是全球最大的乙肝病毒感染负担的国家,据估计有1亿人口感染了乙肝病毒,每年有近30万人口死于乙肝病毒感染相关疾病。
刘民课题组利用2010-2012年国家免费孕前优生项目(NFPHEP)中31 个省220个县的农村育龄夫妇健康体检数据,采用横断面调查的研究方法,报道了2010-2012年中国21‐49岁农村男性乙肝病毒感染的现患率。国家免费孕前优生项目是由国家计生委和财政部于2010年启动的、旨在为半年内计划怀孕的农村育龄夫妇提供免费孕前健康检查和孕前优生咨询的惠民工程。该论文结果显示,从2010年1月1日至2012年12月31日数据库共包含了2,030,083名男性数据,1,966,013名提供了血清样本的男性纳入最终分析。124,274 (6%)人检测出HBSAg阳性,178,559(9%)人检测出抗-HBc阳性,583,923(30%)人检测出抗-HBs阳性。共有527,566(27%)名男性出现单独抗-HBs阳性(表示由疫苗产生的免疫)。 1,234,127 男性(63%)的乙肝五项血清标志物全部阴性(表示易感人群)。其中25-39岁组的HBsAg流行率(6.35%-6.47%)高于其它各年龄组(5.54%-5.78%)。东部地区乙肝血清标志物的流行率均高于中部和西部地区。在124,274名HBsAg阳性者中,有32,326(26%)人HBeAg为阳性(提示较高传染性),且随年龄的增加而降低(p<0.0001)。该研究结果提示,在过去的20年中,乙肝病毒感染在中国农村男性人群中已从高流行状态转变为中流行状态。但是,目前中国农村男性乙肝病毒感染者和易感人群的绝对数仍然很大。
刘民指出,中国预防和控制乙肝病毒感染的任务仍然艰巨,为乙肝病毒感染的高风险人群提供有针对性的免疫,对已经感染HBV的人提供及时的治疗应该成为政府目前或未来优先考虑的项目。
原文链接:
Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in 2 million men aged 21–49 years in rural China: a population-based, cross-sectional study
原文摘要:
Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic (7–8% prevalence) in rural China, causing high mortality and societal burden. Data from men of reproductive age is scarce and last reported in 2006. We assessed the seroepidemiology of men in rural China, aiming to provide updated baseline data for the prevalence of HBV infection.
Methods
We established prevalence of HBV infection from data gathered through a nationwide population-based study of Chinese rural men aged 21–49 years. Data were obtained from a physical check-up programme for couples of reproductive age, the National Free Preconception health Examination Project, that covered 31 provinces from 2010–12. We tested serological samples with ELISA and categorised participants' HBV status based on presence of HBsAg, anti-HBV core antibody (anti-HBc), and anti-HBV surface antibody (anti-HBs).
Findings
2 030 083 men were recruited into the database from Jan 1, 2010, to Dec 31, 2012, and 1 966 013 men provided serum samples for analysis. 124 274 men (6%) tested positive for HBsAg, 178 559 (9%) tested positive for anti-HBc, and 583 923 (30%) tested positive for anti-HBs. Isolated anti-HBs (an indicator of vaccine-mediated immunity) were present in 527 566 men (27%). And 1 234 127 men (63%) were negative for all HBV makers (susceptible population). HBsAg prevalence was higher in men aged 25–39 years (6·35–6·47%) than in other age groups (5·54–5·78%; p<0·0001). HBV markers were all more prevalent in the eastern region of China than in the central or western regions (all p<0·0001). 32 326 (26%) of 124 274 HBsAg-positive men tested positive for HBeAg (suggesting high infectiousness); this decreased with increasing age (p<0·0001).
Interpretation
HBV prevalence in men in rural China has changed from highly endemic into intermediate endemic in the past two decades. However, the absolute number of HBV-infected men and the susceptible population is still very large.
Funding
Chinese Association of Maternal and Child Health Studies.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00218-2
作者:刘民