东北春播玉米区是我国最主要玉米产区之一,采用先进的管理手段,努力提高玉米单产是农业科技工作者的主攻方向。在东北黑土区,以先玉335和军单8两个当地常用的春玉米品种为试验材料进行田间试验：在4种种植行距下(分别为70cm、65cm、60cm和50cm),研究不同春玉米品种干物质积累、转移、分配规律及籽粒产量的差异。结果表明：生育后期50cm和70cm行距下干物质积累量显著高于60cm和65cm。干物质在籽粒中的分配比例在处理间呈现70cm和50cm行距处理显著高于65、60cm行距的规律。70cm和50cm行距处理下玉米的经济系数并不高,之所以能够保持较高的籽粒积累量是因为干物质积累总量高。70cm行距和50cm行距处理到生育末期保持了较高的营养器官分配比例,延缓了叶、茎、鞘等光合器官衰老、延长了功能期。其它器官向籽粒的干物质转移主要来自茎和叶,但是转移量都不超过籽粒总量的6%,籽粒产量的主要来源是光合产物的积累和直接分配。
英文摘要:
The northeast region is one of the major maize producing area in China. How to use advanced management to improve maize yield is the main attack direction for the agricultural science and technology workers. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamic and rules of dry matter accumulation, distribution, transportation and grain yield in experimental base of agriculture, Jinlin University. Xianyu 335 and Jundan 8 were as materials and there were four row spacing treatments, 70 cm, 65 cm, 60 cm and 50 cm respectively. The results was as follows: dry matter accumulation in 50cm and 70cm row spacing was more than the others in late growth stage, dry matter distribution in the proportion of grain among the treatments showed 70cm
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