Ecology Letters：中山大学发表系统发育群落生态学领域取得新进展

摘要 : 中山大学生态与进化学院与加拿大多伦多大学、美国东伊利诺大学和佐治亚理工学院的科研人员合作，于2015年7月20日在SCI生态学排名第一的非评论杂志Ecology Letters上在线发表了题为《Species colonization, not competitive exclusion, drives community overdispersion over long-term succession》的研究论文。论文第一完成单位为中山大学，中山大学生态与进化学院2011级黎绍鹏博士为论文的第一作者。

中山大学生态与进化学院与加拿大多伦多大学、美国东伊利诺大学和佐治亚理工学院的科研人员合作，于2015年7月20日在sci生态学排名第一的非评论杂志Ecology Letters上在线发表了题为《Species colonization, not competitive exclusion, drives community overdispersion over long-term succession》的研究论文。论文第一完成单位为中山大学，中山大学生态与进化学院2011级黎绍鹏博士为论文的第一作者。

随着系统发育分析方法和分子技术的快速发展，系统发育群落生态学 (phyloGENEtic community ecology) 已经成长为群落生态学最具活力的分支之一。系统发育群落生态学关于群落构建的核心假设是：近缘种的共存 (谱系聚集，phylogenetic clustering) 是环境过滤 (environmental filtering) 导致的，而远缘种的共存 (谱系发散，phylogenetic overdispersion) 是竞争排除 (competitive exclusion) 导致的。大量利用时空替代 (space-for-time substitution) 的演替研究表明，演替后期的谱系发散程度更高。该现象通常被解释为，随着演替深入，竞争排除加剧，近缘种更易局部灭绝。

利用美国新泽西州Buell-Small Succession Study 50多年的连续监测数据，该研究证实了群落结构在演替进程中有一个由谱系聚集到谱系发散的转变过程，但该过程并不是竞争排除和近缘种灭绝导致的。在演替进程中物种灭绝是随机的，甚至是远缘的物种更容易灭绝，且近缘种的竞争排除并没有随演替深入而加剧的迹象。相反的，谱系发散主要是由远缘的物种不断的定居所造成的。这些结果有力的挑战了“演替后期竞争排除加剧”和“谱系发散表明竞争排除占主导地位”的经典理论，进而质疑了系统发育群落生态学的核心假设。同时，该研究首次提出了非生物因素，如演替进程中的环境改良作用 (environmental modification)，可以驱动群落结构从谱系聚集转变为谱系发散的新观点。

原文链接：

Species colonization, not competitive exclusion, drives community overdispersion over long-term succession.

原文摘要：

Ecological communities often transition from phylogenetic and functional clustering to overdispersion over succession as judged by space-for-time substitution studies. Such a pattern has been generally attributed to the increase in competitive exclusion of closely related species with similar traits through time, although colonisation and extinction have rarely been examined. Using 44 years of uninterrupted old-field succession in New Jersey, USA, we confirmed that phylogenetic and functional clustering decreased as succession unfolded, but the transition was largely driven by colonisation. Early colonists were closely related and functionally similar to residents, while later colonists became less similar to the species present. Extirpated species were generally more distantly related to residents than by chance, or exhibited random phylogenetic/functional patterns, and their relatedness to residents was not associated with time. These results provide direct evidence that the colonisation of distant relatives, rather than extinction of close relatives, drives phylogenetic and functional overdispersion over succession.

DOI: 10.1111/ele.12476

作者：黎绍鹏

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