水肥管理对东北不同密度春玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响
摘 要：采用大田试验，研究了不同水肥管理（自然降雨+氮肥底施（RF）、表施氮肥+大水漫灌（FI）、滴灌水氮一体化（DI））对东北不同密度（低（45000株 hm-2）、中（67500株hm-2）、高（90000株hm-2））春玉米产量、干物质及水氮利用的影响，结果表明，DI处理在各密度下均较RF显著提高玉米产量，在高密度时DI处理产量最高为14.3Mg/hm2，显著高于FI处理6.7%。在高密度时，与FI处理相比，DI处理可以获得较高的总干物质积累量，显著提高花后氮素积累量17.5%，总氮量增加78.2%，进而提高了氮肥偏生产力（7.3%）和水分利用效率（13.4%）。说明DI处理能够在高密度下提高东北玉米产量的同时提高水氮利用效率。
英文摘要:
Abstract: The field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different water and nitrogen management -(rainfeed + N-fertilizer totally applied before sowing(RF), flood irrigation + nitrogen surface application (FI), integration of water and nitrogen by drip irrigation (DI))- on maize yield, dry matter accumulation and water-nitrogen use at different density (low (45000 plant ha-1), middle（67500 plant ha-1）and high（90000 plant ha-1）). The result showed that, compared to RF, DI treatment significantly increased the maize yield at all densities, and the highest yield of DI was 14.3Mg/hm2 with the high density, which was 16.2% higher than the same density in FI treatment. Compared to FI, DI with high density significantly increased total dry matter accumulation, and the post-silking nitrogen accumulation (17.5%), and then the total nitrogen content increased by 78.2%. As a result, the nitrogen partial factor productivity and water use efficiency of DI treatment were significant increased by 7.3% and 13.4% separately compared with FI. Thus, DI could increase the yield and water-nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize at high density in Northeast China.
;
