采用均匀试验设计，研究6个播期（6-6、6-9、6-12、6-15、6-18、6-21）配合6个收获期（10-4、9-28、10-10、9-25、10-7、10-1）对郑单958和伟科702生长发育、株型结构和产量性状的影响，以期通过播期、收获期调控实现高产。结果表明：（1）冀中地区6月12日前播种，玉米抽雄和吐丝持续时间更为集中，且播期每推迟3天，抽雄和吐丝日期后推1天，继续推迟播期，抽雄和吐丝日期后推4-5天，但该年度6月12日播种处理吐丝期冠层温度最高，不利于玉米授粉。（2）6月15日后播种穗位叶SPAD值降低，尤其是生育后期伟科702叶片SPAD值降低幅度较大。（3）播期对株高、穗位高和基部茎粗影响较大，但总叶片数和穗位叶叶位受播期影响变化不明显。（4）玉米播期与收获期对产量及其构成影响均很显著，穗粒数随播期推迟而降低，千粒重随生育期延长而提高；经回归分析得出夏玉米每提早播种1天，产量平均增加98.4 kg/hm2，每推迟收获1天，平均增产103.3 kg/hm2。获得较高产量的播期、收获期与品种的最佳组合为6月6日至6月12日播种、10月4日至10日收获的郑单958，在次期间播种夏玉米冠层性状较优。
英文摘要:
We conducted an experiment with six planting date (6-6、6-9、6-12、6-15、6-18、6-21) combining six harvest date (10-4、9-28、10-10、9-25、10-7、10-1) of cultivar (Zhengdan 958, and Weike 702 respectively) in the field having medium soil fertility, and studied the effect of different planting and harvest date on growth and development, canopy traits and yield of summer maize. The objective to achieve high yield when early sowing and delayed harvest for different cultivars. The results showed that tasseling and silking date could be delayed by 1 day when the planting date was delayed for three day if sowing before 12 June, and be delayed by 4-5 day if sowing after 12 June in the central part of Hebei. The tasseling and silking duration was obvious shortened when sowing before in June 12th compared with the treatments of delayed sowing date, and canopy temperature of silking stage is higher for sowing in June 12th, 2014, and the higher temperature is not conducive to the maize pollination. Ear leaf SPAD decreased when the sowing date postponed to June 15th, and value of SPAD is greatly reduced for Weike702 at late growth stage. The effects of sowing period on plant height, ear position height and basal stem diameter were obvious, but the total leaf number and ear leaf position is not affected by sowing time. Planting and harvest date can strongly affect grain yields and yield components, and grain number per spike increased with the delayed sowing date, 1000-grain weight was significantly higher for early sowing + late harvest treatments. Every early sowing for 1 days or delayed harvest 1 day, the average yield increased 90.0 kg /ha or decreased 85.5 kg/ ha. For achieved high yield, the optimum combination was in June 6th to June 12th sowing and in October 4th to October 10th harvest.
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