长期定位施肥玉米生育期内微生物量碳、氮和微生物数量的动态变化
为探讨长期定位施肥条件下黑土中微生物量碳、氮和微生物数量在玉米生育期内的动态变化,对吉林省公主岭市的国家黑土肥力和肥料效益长期定位试验2014年的土样进行了测定和分析。结果表明：长期不同定位施肥处理黑土中微生物量碳、氮在玉米生育期内呈现大致相同的变化规律,即从苗期到拔节期下降,拔节期到开花期上升并达到峰值,开花期到收获期下降；微生物数量苗期到拔节期变化不明显,开花期微生物数量急剧上升,达到峰值,开花期到灌浆期明显下降,并趋于稳定。在玉米相同生育期内不同施肥处理间相比,黑土中微生物量碳、氮和微生物数量总体变化趋势为：NPK+1.5M1＞NPK M2＞NPK M1＞NPK M1(R)＞NPK S＞NPK＞CK。试验结果说明了黑土中微生物量碳、氮和微生物数量在玉米生育期内的动态变化表现出了较好的一致性,长期不同定位施肥处理之间相比,有机无机配施、秸秆还田、玉米与大豆轮作等施肥措施可以提高土壤中微生物量碳、氮含量和微生物数量。
英文摘要:
In order to investigate the dynamic changes of black soi microbial biomass carbon、nitrogen and microbial quantity during growth of corn, soil samples collected in 2014were investigated based on the long-term experiment of national black soil and fertilizer efficiency in Gongzhuling City,Jilin Province, China.The results showed that: the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen showed changes in roughly the same during corn growth period among different fertilization treatment.From seedling to jointing stag decreasinge, jointing stage to the flowering period
rising,peaked at the flowering period,Flowering period to harvest declining; Microbial quantity does not change significantly from seedling to jointing stage, flowering period rising rapidly,peaked at flowering period,flowering period to filling stage significantly decreasing, and tending to be stable.At the same growth period of Maize in different fertilization treatments,the change regularity of microbial biomass carbon、nitrogen and microbial quantity was:1.5NPK+M1>NPK M2>NPK M1>NPK M1(R)>NPK S>NPK>CK.The experiment results indicate that the fertilization measures,such as organic and inorganic fertilizer,straw returned,corn and soybean rotation ,can increase the content of microbial biomass carbon、nitrogen and microbial quantity in black soil during maize growth period.
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