为研究玉米早衰相关性状的遗传特征，以保绿型玉米自交系沈3336（P1）和早衰型玉米自交系沈3265（P2）及其F1代和F2:3代为研究对象，应用盖钧镒主基因 多基因混合模型4世代联合分离分析方法研究玉米灌浆期穗位叶叶绿素含量和可溶性蛋白含量性状的遗传特性。研究结果表明，两个性状的遗传模型都为B-1模型，即2对主基因的加性-显性-上位性模型。保绿型自交系沈3336基因组存在2对调控叶绿素含量的加性正效等位基因，以其作为选育基础材料时可用回交方法及早代筛选方法选育高叶绿素含量材料。沈3336还具有2对调控可溶性蛋白含量的超显性等位基因，但基因互作效应为负，2对基因分离后可出现高可溶性蛋白基因型，可在其分离世代筛选高可溶性蛋白含量材料。
英文摘要:
For finding out and utilizing the genetic characteristic of premature senescence related traits in maize, the genetic analysis of ear-leaf chlorophyll content and the soluble protein content in filling stage were conducted by mixed major gene plus polygene genetic models and the joint segregation analysis method of four generations(P1, P2, F1, F2:3) derived from stay green inbred Shen3336 and premature senescence inbred Shen 3265. The results showed that during filling stage chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were controlled by two major gene with additive-dominance-epistasis effects (B-1 model). Two additive effects alleles for increasing the chlorophyll content existed in the Shen 3336 genome. Backcross and early generation selection were fitted for geting high chlorophyll content maize through Shen 3336. Two overdominance alleles for increasing the soluble protein content existed in the Shen 3336 genome, and dominance × dominance effect of the two alleles was negative. The two alleles can increasing the soluble protein content respectively, so the high soluble protein content maize could be find in the segregation generations.
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