PNAS：基因组分析与非洲的疟疾传播

摘要 : 传统方法基于蚊子抽样的估计疟疾传播不是标准化的,不可用在许多国家在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。

传统方法基于蚊子抽样的估计疟疾传播不是标准化的,不可用在许多国家在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。这样的研究在小范围传播时难以实,但是控制小范围传播是消灭疟疾的目标。

科研人员把一种基于称为snps的24个DNA突变的遗传条码技术应用于2006年到2013年间在一场全国控制疟疾运动之后在塞内加尔的Thiès收集到的1007个疟原虫样本，他们证明了一种基于疟原虫种群变化的基因组分析的流行病学模型，可以帮助发现疟疾传播率的变化。

原文链接：

Modeling malaria genomics reveals transmission decline and rebound in Senegal

原文摘要：

To study the effects of malaria-control interventions on parasite population genomics, we examined a set of 1,007 samples of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum collected in Thiès, Senegal between 2006 and 2013. The parasite samples were genotyped using a molecular barcode of 24 SNPs. About 35% of the samples grouped into subsets with identical barcodes, varying in size by year and sometimes persisting across years. The barcodes also formed networks of related groups. Analysis of 164 completely sequenced parasites revealed extensive sharing of genomic regions. In at least two cases we found first-generation recombinant offspring of parents whose genomes are similar or identical to genomes also present in the sample. An epidemiological model that tracks parasite genotypes can reproduce the observed pattern of barcode subsets. quantification of likelihoods in the model strongly suggests a reduction of transmission from 2006–2010 with a significant rebound in 2012–2013. The reduced transmission and rebound were confirmed directly by incidence data from Thiès. These findings imply that intensive intervention to control malaria results in rapid and dramatic changes in parasite population genomics. The results also suggest that genomics combined with epidemiological modeling may afford prompt, continuous, and cost-effective tracking of progress toward malaria elimination.

doi: 10.1073/PNAS.1505691112

作者：Rachel Daniels

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