PLoS ONE:马先蒿属斗叶组种间系统演化关系阐明
近期,中国科学院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室郁文彬博士构建了斗叶组种间的系统演化关系,为进一步深入开展斗叶组,尤其是大王系的物种形成机制和生物地理学打下了坚实的基础。相关成果发表在2013年9月19日的《PLoS ONE 》上。
马先蒿属(Pedicularis)全球有600多种,是列当科中最大的属,其中有2/3以上的种类集中分布于喜马拉雅—横断山区,该地区是其物种多样化中心和特有中心之一。东喜马拉雅—横断山区特有的斗叶组(Sect.Cyathophora)仅有7个种(其中1个种存疑),却拥有马先蒿属全部四种基本花冠类型,它是研究马先蒿属花冠演化和物种形成的模式类群。尽管斗叶组是一个单系类群已经得到分子系统学研究的认可,但是长期以来其内部各类群之间的系统演化关系存在许多问题和争论。
马先蒿属斗叶组中四种基本花冠类型
基于ITS(A)和叶绿体联合数据(B)构建的斗叶组的系统发育图
斗叶组样品来源分布图
中国科学院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室郁文彬博士,在李德铢研究员和王红研究员的共同指导下,该研究通过较高密度的取样,基于核基因ITS和四个叶绿体片段联合数据,运用贝叶斯推论(BI)、最大简约法(MP)和最大似然法(ML)重建斗叶组的系统发育关系,并利用SplitsTree进行网状进化分析。
基于ITS(A)和叶绿体联合数据(B)构建的斗叶组的网状进化图
研究表明,核基因ITS构建的系统树和网状结构图与传统分类具有较高的一致性;叶绿体联合分析显示四川分布的拟斗叶马先蒿(P. cyathophyllodies)两个居群的叶绿体基因组可能是从斗叶马先蒿(P. cyathophylla)的祖先中捕获而来。斗叶组中的大王系(series Reges)的系统关系极为复杂,推测可能是因不完全的谱系筛选、杂交或基因渐渗透所造成。在斗叶组中,无喙型和有喙型花冠是独立演化,而长管有喙型是由短管花冠演化而来。
该研究得到了中国科学院重点部署、国家自然科学基金、中国科学院西部之光等项目支持。
原文链接:
incongruence between Nuclear and Chloroplast DNA Phylogenies inPedicularis Section Cyathophora (Orobanchaceae)
Wen-Bin Yu, Pan-Hui Huang, De-Zhu Li mail, Hong Wang mail
Pedicularis section Cyathophora is a monophyletic group characterized by perfoliate leaf and/or bract bases at each node. This section comprises four series, corresponding to four general corolla types of Pedicularis, i.e. toothless, toothed, beaked and long-tubed corollas. In this study, we aim to reconstruct a comprehensive phylogeny of section Cyathophora, and compare phylogenetic incongruence between nuclear and chloroplast datasets. Sixty-seven accessions belonging to section Cyathophora and 9 species for other Pedicularis were sampled, and one nuclear gene (nrITS) and four chloroplast genes (matK, rbcL, trnH-psbA and trnL-F) were sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses show that the topologies and networks inferred from nrITS and the concatenated chloroplast datasets were incongruent, and the nrITS phylogenies and network agreed with the morphology-based taxonomy to some degree. The chloroplast genome of two Sichuan samples of P. cyathophylloides (E4 and E5) may show introgression from an ancestor of P. cyathophylla. Neither the nrITS dataset nor the concatenated chloroplast dataset were able to adequately resolve relationships among species in the series Reges; this is most likely due to incomplete lineage sorting and/or introgression/hybridization. The nrITS phylogeny indicates the beakless (toothed and toothless) and beaked galeas may have evolved independently within section Cyathophora, and the chloroplast phylogeny reveals that the long corolla tube with beaked galea is derived from the short one.