浙大在构建组织工程的纳米材料中获进展

在再生医学以及组织工程研究中，不同的可降解材料以不同的制备方法生产的支架对干细胞生长和分化的生物相容性以及移植体内后对损伤组织的修复功能差异的。如何选择可降解材料制备合适的多孔支架，对成功构建工程化组织以及达到良好的组织修复效果尤为重要。

浙江大学生命科学学院细胞与发育生物学研究所王金福教授实验室在这项研究中，比较了聚乳酸羟基材料和聚乳酸羟基磷灰石纳米材料制备的多孔支架对人骨髓间充质干细胞的生物相容性以及细胞复合支架对骨组织损伤修复效果。

该研究结果表明纳米结构有利于干细胞的粘附、增殖与分化，但移植之后的可降解性对骨组织损伤的修复作用非常重要，建议可降解材料的选择应同时考虑细胞的生物相容性和可降解性。

该研究结果对今后组织工程骨的构建以及临床应用中可降解材料的选择和支架制备技术设计具有重要的指导意义。

原文摘要：

Biocompatibility and bone-repairing effects: comparison between porous poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid and nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(lactic acid) scaffolds

Zong, Chen; Qian, Xiaodan; Tang, Zihua; Hu, Qinghong; Chen, Jiarong; Gao, Changyou; Tang, Ruikang; Tong, Xiangmin; Wang, Jinfu

Copolymer composite scaffolds and bioceramic/polymer composite scaffolds are two representative forms of composite scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering. Studies to compare biocompatibility and bone-repairing effects between these two scaffolds are significant for selecting or improving the scaffold for clinical application. We prepared two porous scaffolds comprising poly-lactic-acid/poly-glycolic-acid (PLGA) and poly-lactic-acid/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP/PLA) respectively, and examined their biocompatibility with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) through evaluating adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potentials of hMSCs in the scaffold. Then, the PLGA scaffold with hMSCs (PM construct) and the nHAP/PLA scaffold with hMSCs (HPM construct) were transplanted into the rat calvarial defect areas to compare their effects on the bone reconstruction. The results showed that the nHAP/PLA scaffold was in favor of adhesion, matrix deposition and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. For in vivo transplantation, both HPM and PM constructs led to mineralization and osteogenesis in the defect area of rat. However, the area grafted with PM construct showed a better formation of mature bone than that with HPM construct. In addition, the evaluation of in vitro and in vivo degradation indicated that the degradation rate of nHAP/PLA scaffold was much lower than that of PLGA scaffold. It is inferred that the lower degradation of nHAP/PLA scaffold should result in its inferior bone reconstruction in rat calvaria. Therefore, the preparation of an ideal composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering should be taken into account of the balance between its biocompatibility, degradation rate, osteoconductivity and mechanical property.

作者：浙江大学