PLOS ONE:东北林业大学完成水稻干尖线虫转录组的鉴定
东北林业大学的研究团队对A besseyi 的转录组进行测序鉴定，并鉴定出该线虫中寄生相关，致死相关，或是寄主抗性克服的基因，相关文章发表于2014年3月17日的《PLoS ONE》杂志上。
水稻干尖线虫(Aphelenchoides besseyi)，一种毁灭性极强的线虫，寄主范围广，多以水稻为主，还包括许多重要作物，如草莓、玉米、红薯等。A. besseyi可引起水稻干尖病，该病全国各水稻产区都有发生，一般可造成减产10%~20%，严重可达到30%以上。A. besseyi的基因组尚未测序。来自东北林业大学的研究团队对A besseyi 的转录组进行测序鉴定，并鉴定出该线虫中寄生相关，致死相关，或是寄主抗性克服的基因，研究成果发表在PLoS ONE三月刊上。
研究人员首先通过Solexa / Illumina测序鉴定不同发育阶段混合的A. besseyi的转录组(转录组测序由联川生物承担完成)，基于高质量的clean reads产生了51,270个没有缺口的转录本，并注释了9,132个KEGG直系同源，然后鉴定出来自糖苷水解酶(GHs)，糖基转移酶(GTs)，糖酯酶(CEs)和碳水化合物结合模块(CBMs)的碳水化合物活性酶。随后，研究人员通过原位杂交验证了A. besseyi GH45纤维素酶基因。最后，为了对同源物作进一步研究，比较分析了A. besseyi contig与秀丽隐杆线虫的基因，寻找RNAi表型，神经肽和肽酶的直系同源基因。
本研究结果全面认识了A. besseyi的基因构成，研究获取的A. besseyi转录数据为寄生病分子机制的进一步研究奠定了基础，同时也促进该物种新控制策略的开发。
原文摘要：
Feng Wang, Danlei Li, Zhiying Wang, Airong Dong, Lihong Liu, Buyong Wang, Qiaoli Chen, Xiaohan Liu
Background
The rice white tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi, a devastating nematode whose genome has not been sequenced, is distributed widely throughout almost all the rice-growing regions of the world. The aims of the present study were to define the transcriptome of A. besseyi and to identify parasite-related, mortality-related or host resistance-overcoming GENEs in this nematode.
Methodology and Principal Findings
Using Solexa/Illumina sequencing, we profiled the transcriptome of mixed-stage populations ofA. besseyi. A total of 51,270 transcripts without gaps were produced based on high-quality clean reads. Of all the A. besseyi transcripts, 9,132 KEGG Orthology assignments were annotated. Carbohydrate-active enzymes of glycoside hydrolases (GHs), glycosyltransferases (GTs), carbohydrate esterases (CEs) and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) were identified. The presence of the A. besseyi GH45 cellulase gene was verified by in situhybridization. Given that 13 unique A. besseyi potential effector genes were identified from 41 candidate effector homologs, further studies of these homologs are merited. Finally, comparative analyses were conducted between A. besseyi contigs and Caenorhabditis elegansgenes to look for orthologs of RNAi phenotypes, neuropeptides and peptidases.
Conclusions and Significance
The present results provide comprehensive insight into the genetic makeup of A. besseyi. Many of this species' genes are parasite related, nematode mortality-related or necessary to overcome host resistance. The generated transcriptome dataset of A. besseyi reported here lays the foundation for further studies of the molecular mechanisms related to parasitism and facilitates the development of new control strategies for this species.
作者：联川生物
