Cell子刊:鉴定出染色体在有丝分裂中正确分离关键蛋白
由中科院上海生科院生化与细胞所的朱学良研究员和Carnegie科学研究所郑诣先教授领导的一项研究,鉴定了调控着丝粒和微管纤维相互作用的关键蛋白。相关文章发表于2014年1月23日的《Developmental Cell》杂志上。
Cell子刊:鉴定出染色体在有丝分裂中正确分离关键蛋白
细胞通过有丝分裂,将复制后的染色体平均分配给两个子细胞。如果这一过程出现了染色体数的异常,就会导致癌症和其他疾病。因此理解有丝分裂的具体机制,对于相关疾病的治疗非常重要。
在有丝分裂的过程中,染色体的平均分配需要许多蛋白正确装配到着丝粒(包括Bub3),帮助着丝粒与作为细胞支架的微管相互作用。着丝粒和微管负责提供染色体分配所需的力和细胞结构。
研究人员通过超高分辨率显微镜,详细解析了微管被着丝粒“捕获”,共同引导染色体在赤道板处列队的过程(chromosome alignment)。他们发现,一个包含GLEBS序列的锌指蛋白BuGZ,可以调控着丝粒与微管的相互作用。
研究显示,BuGZ通过其保守的GLEBS直接结合并稳定Bub3。另外,BuGZ还通过它的微管结合域帮助Bub3装配到着丝粒上。而Bub3的这种装配被认为是着丝粒与微管互作的起始,是染色体正确列队所必须的事件。
“以往的有丝分裂研究主要针对微管和着丝粒,因为这是人们观察到的最明显的结构。我们的工作现实,拓宽研究范围非常重要,有助于深入理解DNA分配的准备工作,”郑教授说。
研究指出,BuGZ不仅是Bub3的分子伴侣,还能够促进Bub3装配到着丝粒,帮助染色体在有丝分裂中正确分离。
原文摘要:
A Microtubule-Associated Zinc Finger Protein, BuGZ, Regulates Mitotic Chromosome Alignment by Ensuring Bub3 Stability and Kinetochore Targeting
Hao Jiang,Xiaonan He,Shusheng Wang,Junling Jia,Yihan Wan,Yueju Wang,Rong Zeng,John Yates,Xueliang Zhu,Yixian Zheng
Equal chromosome segregation requires proper assembly of many proteins, including Bub3, onto kinetochores to promote kinetochore-microtubule interactions. By screening for mitotic regulators in the spindle envelope and matrix (Spemix), we identify a conserved Bub3 interacting and GLE-2-binding sequence (GLEBS) containing ZNF207 (BuGZ) that associates with spindle microtubules and regulates chromosome alignment. Using its conserved GLEBS, BuGZ directly binds and stabilizes Bub3. BuGZ also uses its microtubule-binding domain to enhance the loading of Bub3 to kinetochores that have assumed initial interactions with microtubules in prometaphase. This enhanced Bub3 loading is required for proper chromosome alignment and metaphase to anaphase progression. Interestingly, we show that microtubules are required for the highest kinetochore loading of Bub3, BubR1, and CENP-E during prometaphase. These findings suggest that BuGZ not only serves as a molecular chaperone for Bub3 but also enhances its loading onto kinetochores during prometaphase in a microtubule-dependent manner to promote chromosome alignment.