山西高产氮高效玉米品种的筛选及其干物质氮素累积与分配
筛选高产氮高效品种是玉米生产中氮肥减施增效的重要措施。本试验通过研究16个玉米品种在施氮(225kg/ha)和不施氮条件下的产量及其节氮潜力等来筛选高产氮高效品种。结果表明：两年中JY18、DH605、XY335增产潜力在5%以上，节氮潜力为15.48%-18.39% (2018年)和14.26%-29.47% (2019年)。根据供试品种在N225和N0条件下的产量平均值作为分界线，将这16个品种划分为4种类型，通过对其生物量及氮素累积与转运特征的分析表明高产氮高效品种具有较高的花后干物质累积量和在保证一般水平的花前氮素转运量的基础上有较高的花后氮素吸收量。
英文摘要:
Screening high-yield and high nitrogen use efficiency varieties is an important measure for reduce nitrogen fertilizer application and increase nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency. In this experiment, 16 maize varieties were used to compare the yield of different types of varieties and their potential N fertilizer input reduction under two nitrogen levels. The results showed that JY18, DH605, and XY335 have the potential to increase production by more than 5%, and potential N fertilizer input reduction is 15.48% to 18.39% (2018) and 14.26% to 29.47% (2019) in two years. According to their grain yield in the 225 kg/ha N (N225) treatment and in the zero N control (N0), the 16 maize varieties were divided into four categories, analysis of its biomass and nitrogen accumulation and transport characteristics showed that high-yield and high nitrogen use efficiency have higher dry matter accumulation of post-silking periods and higher nitrogen uptake on the basis of ensuring a general level of nitrogen transport.
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