农用聚磷酸铵(APP)作为一种新型的液体氮磷复合肥,具有缓效释放性好、养分活性强、吸收利用率高等特点。本研究通过在东北典型黑土区设置不同聚磷酸铵施肥水平的田间试验,分析玉米产量、磷肥利用效率及农田磷素盈余状况,以期明确聚磷酸铵在玉米生产中的最佳施用量。两年试验结果表明,磷养分投入量在75 kg/hm2时,玉米产量、干物质量及磷素积累量均处于较高水平,两年的磷肥利用率分别为25.0%和24.5%；当施磷量超过75 kg/hm2时,产量不再显著提升,但磷肥利用率逐渐降低；试验期间内,P75与P90处理的土壤磷盈余为分别为-19 kg/hm2和2 kg/hm2。综合分析产量、肥料利用率和农田磷素盈余率发现,施用聚磷酸铵75~90 kg/hm2可满足当地玉米的高产种植,且磷肥可减施15%~20%。
英文摘要:
Agricultural ammonium polyphosphate (APP), as a new type of liquid nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer, has the characteristics of good slow release, strong nutrient activity, and high absorption and utilization. In this experiment, the yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency of spring corn in a typical black soil region of Northeast China were studied through field experiments to determine the optimal application rate of ammonium polyphosphate in corn production. The results of the two-year test showed that when the phosphorus nutrient input was 75 kg/hm2, the corn yield, dry matter quality, and phosphorus accumulation were at high levels, and the two-year phosphorus fertilizer utilization rates were 25.0% and 24.5%; When it exceeds 75 kg/hm2, the yield will no longer increase significantly, but the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer will gradually decrease. For this reason, it is necessary to determine the reasonable amount of ammonium polyphosphate. Comprehensive analysis of yield, fertilizer utilization rate and farmland phosphorus surplus rate found that the application of ammonium polyphosphate 75~90 kg/hm2 can meet the high-yield planting of local corn, and phosphate fertilizer can be reduced by 15% -20%.
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