为了研究灌溉量对玉米生理成熟后籽粒脱水的影响,本文设置灌溉试验和灌溉量与种植密度互作试验,以玉米品种先玉335、九圣禾2468为试验材料,分别测定了不同处理的玉米生理成熟至田间站秆晾晒期间籽粒含水率的变化。结果表明：生育期等量灌溉和分配灌溉试验,在9×104 株 ha-1、12×104 株 ha-1种植密度下,灌溉量增加均使玉米籽粒含水率呈增加、脱水变缓的趋势,灌溉量从3600 m3 ha-1增加至7200 m3 ha-1,籽粒含水率分别增加0.94～2.87个百分点,差异达到显著水平。灌溉量与种植密度双因素辅助试验,在种植密度6×104 株 ha-1至13.5×104 株 ha-1范围内,灌溉量从3000 m3 ha-1增加至6000 m3 ha-1,籽粒含水率分别增加了1.60～5.00个百分点；在灌溉量3000 m3 ha-1和6000 m3 ha-1条件下,种植密度从6×104 株 ha-1增加至13.5×104 株 ha-1,籽粒含水率有差异,但无明显的增加或降低趋势；4500 m3 ha-1灌溉量下各种植密度处理间的籽粒含水率没有表现出显著差异。认为玉米生理成熟后籽粒含水率对灌溉量变化较为敏感,但对种植密度的响应无规律。
英文摘要:
In order to study the effect of irrigation amount on maize grain dehydration after physiological maturity. The research set up irrigation experiment and interaction experiment between irrigation amount and planting density. Maize cultivars Xianyu 335 and Jiushenghe 2468 were used in this experiments. The changes of moisture content of maize grains from physiological maturity to drying by standing in the field. The results showed that, in the experiment of equal amount irrigation and distribution irrigation in growth period, the moisture content were increased after physiological maturity with the increased of irrigation amount at the planting density of 9×104 ha-1and 12×104 ha-1; with the increased of the irrigation amount from 3600 m3 ha-1 to 7200 m3 ha-1, the moisture content of maize grains increased by 0.94-2.87 percent respectively. And it shows that the greater the amount of irrigation, the slower the rate of dehydration in maize grains. In the auxiliary experiment of irrigation amount and planting density, at the planting density from 6×104 ha-1to 13.5×104, with the increased of the irrigation amount from 3000 m3 ha-1 to 6000 m3 ha-1, the moisture content of maize grains increased by 2.97, 1.60, 5.00, 5.57, 3.66 and 2.64 percent respectively with significant differences. At 3000 m3 ha-1 and 6000 m3 ha-1 irrigation amount, the moisture content of maize grains were significant difference from 6×104 ha-1to 13.5×104, however, there is no obvious increase or decrease trend. There were no significant difference in the moisture content of maize grains among all planting densities at 4500 m3 ha-1 irrigation amount. To sum up, the moisture content of maize grains were sensitive to the change of irrigation amount, but the response to planting density was irregular.
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