生理成熟期子粒含水率与收获期含水率高度相关，明确春玉米生理成熟期子粒含水率的变化特征及其影响因素，对于预测成熟后子粒水分的变化并确定适宜收获期具有重要意义。2017-2018年在内蒙古开鲁、辽宁铁岭试点，对8个共用品种生理成熟期子粒含水率进行观测，并分析受子粒脱水成熟阶段（生理成熟前的15 d）积温变化的影响，结果表明：同一品种在不同地点、不同年份生理成熟期子粒含水率存在显著差异，其中，8个品种在不同地点间的差异平均达到2.31（变幅0.8-4.3）个百分点，在不同年份间的差异平均达到2.91（变幅0.7-5.4）个百分点，环境因素对子粒达到生理成熟的日期和含水率有显著影响，且环境和品种之间具有显著的互作效应。不同熟期玉米品种生理成熟期子粒含水率与生育期长短无显著相关，但生育期（x）越长的品种，生理成熟期子粒含水率在不同地点、不同年份之间的差值（y）越大，两者符合y = 0.1619x - 21.454，R2= 0.736**（n=16）。子粒脱水成熟阶段积温对该阶段的脱水速率及生理成熟期子粒含水率具有显著影响，温度低、脱水慢的地区和年份生理成熟期子粒含水率偏高，晚熟品种受影响程度明显大于早熟品种。
英文摘要:
Grain moisture content at the physiological maturation stage is highly correlated with that at the harvest stage. It is of great significance to clarify the changing characteristics and influencing factors of grain moisture content at the physiological maturation stage of spring maize and determine the appropriate harvest date. During 2017 to 2018, the experiment was conducted in Kailu, Inner Mongolia and Tieling, Liaoning to observe grain moisture content of 8 common varieties at the physiological maturity stage, and to analyze the effects of accumulated temperature changes at the mature stage(15d before physiological maturity) of grain dehydration. The results showed that: the same varieties in different locations and different years had different grain moisture content at physiological maturity. The differences of the 8 varieties at different location reached an average of 2.31 (ranging from 0.8 to 4.3) percentage point, and the differences between different years reached an average of 2.91 (ranging from 0.7 to 5.4) percentage point. Environmental factors had effects on the date of physiological maturity and the moisture content, and there existed significant interaction effects between varieties and environments. There was no significant correlation between the grain moisture content at the physiological maturity stage and the length of the growth stage, but the longer the growth stage (x) was, the larger the difference (y) in the grain moisture content at the physiological maturity stage between different locations and different years, which fit y = 0.1619 x-21.454, R2= 0.736** (n=16). The accumulated temperature at the mature stage of grain dehydration had a significant influence on the dehydration rate and the grain moisture content at the physiological maturity stage. The moisture contents at the physiological maturity stage were relatively high in the areas with low temperature and slow dehydration.
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