本研究选用国内外14份玉米自交系按完全双列杂交设计配制的182个杂交组合为材料，采用AUDDC（Area Under the Dry Down Curve）方法分别对其授粉后35～40d、40～50d、50d～成熟期、40d～成熟期及35 d～成熟期籽粒脱水速率进行统计及遗传分析。结果表明： 14份自交系籽粒各发育阶段脱水速率一般配合力方差均达到极显著水平，其中自交系LH202效应值在各发育阶段均表现最小；182份杂交组合特殊配合力方差也达到极显著水平。籽粒各发育阶段脱水速率遗传均主要以加性效应为主，其中授粉后40d～成熟期籽粒脱水速率的遗传力最高，可稳定遗传。籽粒脱水速率在授粉后40～50d、50d～成熟期、40d～成熟期及35d～成熟期之间均呈极显著正相关；其分别与成熟期籽粒含水率也均呈极显著正相关；而且在这些发育阶段杂交组合脱水速率与其父母本均呈极显著正相关。这为玉米籽粒脱水速率鉴定评价及玉米品种遗传改良提供理论依据。
英文摘要:
Kernel rehydration rate is one of the main factors affecting kernel moisture content at maturity in maize. The study used 14 inbred lines from home and abroad, following the complete diallel crossing, and had obtained 182 combinations as materials. By employing AUDDC (Area Under the Dry Down Curve) method, we were respectively carried out the calculation of the kernel dehydration rate at 35～40d, 40～50d, 50d～maturity, 40d～maturity and 35d～maturity after pollination and the genetic analysis. The results indicated that variance of general combining ability of kernel dehydration rate at each development stage for the 14 inbred lines were all reached very significant level, in which the inbred lines LH202 had the smallest effect value at all development stages. Special combining ability variance of 182 combinations at all development stages were also reached very significant level. At each individual development stage, the heredity of kernel dehydration rate was mainly additive effect, and the heritability of kernel dehydration rate at 40d～maturity after pollination was the highest, and could be stable heredity. There were significantly positive correlation among 40～50d, 50d～maturity, 40d～maturity and 35d～maturity after pollination of kernel rehydration rate, and they were also respective significantly positive correlation with kernel moisture content at maturity, and the combinations for the kernel dehydration rate at these stages showed significant positive relation with their parents’. The results will provide theoretical basis for kernel rehydration rate identification and genetic improvement of maize varieties.
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