同一基础材料的玉米DH系主要农艺性状配合力分析及应用潜力评价
以高诱5号为诱导系,M54×美国杂交种的F1代材料为基础试材,进行杂交诱导产生单倍体,经过加倍、鉴定、筛选后,获得8个优良DH系；通过不完全双列杂交试验,分析DH系的配合力表现,评价其应用潜力。结果表明,来源于同一基础材料的不同DH系之间,一般配合力差异较大,MDH4和MDH8单株产量具有较高的GCA值,容易组配出高产杂交种；综合各农艺性状的GCA表现,DH系MDH4是组配高产优质玉米杂交种的理想亲本,DH系MDH8和MDH5也有较大的应用潜力；MDH4×H451、MDH4×S121和MDH8×H451具有较高的TCA值和单株产量,可确定为优良组合,应进行多年多点试验,挖掘其应用潜力。遗传参数分析表明,对株高、穗位高、穗长、穗行数的选择可在早代进行；组配杂交种时,应着重选择在株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗GCA表现突出的DH系或自交系为亲本,要兼顾双亲穗粗、千粒重和单株产量GCA和杂交种的SCA,改良行粒数应注重SCA的选择。本研究为筛选、鉴定、利用有应用潜力的DH系及杂交种提供了参考。
英文摘要:
Used Gaoyou5 as haploid inducer, 8 elite double haploid inbred (DH) lines was selected from the foundation material of the hybrid generation F1 of M54×USA maize hybrid through haploid induction, natural doubling in field, cultivation identification and character selection. The combining ability and the application potential of the DH lines were analyzed by NCⅡ design. The results showed that the GCA was different from DH lines with the same genetic foundation. The DH lines of MDH4 and MDH8 had higher yield per plant GCA value, and it was easier to breeding high-yield hybrid with MDH4 or MDH8 as a parent. Comprehensive analysis of the performance of the main agronomic traits showed that the DH line of MDH4 was an ideal parent to breed high yield and high quality excellent maize hybrids, and the DH lines of MDH8 and MDH5 also had great application potential. MDH4×H451, MDH4×S121 and MDH8×H451 had high TCA and high yield per plant, which could be confirmed as good combinations and should be tested in multiple locations for many years in order to exploit their application potential. According to the estimate of genetic parameters, plant height, ear height, ear length and ear rows should be selected in early generation. When breeding maize hybrids, plant height, ear height, ear length and ear diameter should be focus on using the DH or inbred lines with outstanding performance of GCA as parents, ear rows, 1000-kernel weight and yield per plant should be given consideration to GCA of parents and SCA of hybrids, and the selection of SCA should be emphasized in improving kernel number. This research provides a reference for screening, identifying and utilizing DH lines and hybrids with application potential.
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