南美抗粗缩病玉米种质主要农艺性状及杂种优势分析研究
为了认知外引12份抗玉米粗缩病材料的配合力差异及杂种优势关系,采用NCII遗传交配设计, 以昌7-2、郑58、PH4CV、PH6WC为测验种, 与12份阿根廷抗粗缩病自交系和群体配制48个组合,2015、2016年分别在河南洛阳、河南新乡、山东聊城进行产量及相关性状测定。结果表明：根据产量等性状的一般配合力,遴选出3份较为优秀的自交系(CA1109、CA1107、CA1108)。其中CA1109的产量、出籽率、百粒重、穗粗等性状一般配合力较高,但株高、穗位偏高； CA1107的百粒重、穗粗,以及降低株高和穗位高等性状一般配合力较高,但延长了生育期,且易减少行粒数、出籽率；CA1108增加百粒重、穗行数、穗粗一般配合力较高,但延长了生育期,增加了株高和穗位高和收获时籽粒含水量。根据产量SCA效应值,初步判定属SS类的有CA1303、CA1106、CA1104,属NS类的CA1301、CA1101、CA1102。被测系中的CA1109、CA1107、CA1108这三个自交系直接利用选育出高产组合的可能性较大,其他的4个自交系和5个群体直接组配高产组合的成功性较小,需改良后利用。
英文摘要:
In order to recognize the difference of combining ability and heterosis of 12 exotic maize inbred lines which resistance maize rough dwarf disease(MRDD) from Argentina, forty eight crosses were composed according to NCII design using Chang 7-2, Zheng 58, PH4CV, PH6WC as female tester with them. The hybrids were planted and its yield and related traits were surveyed in Luoyang,Xinxiang,Henan province and Liaocheng,Shandong province in 2015 and 2016.The results showed that three inbred lines (CA1109, CA1107, CA1108) were selected according to the general combining ability (GCA) of yield and its related traits. The inbred line CA1109 was better with higher GCA in yield, ear yield rate, 100-grain weight, ear diameter, but it had poor agronomic traits in plant height and ear height. GCA 0f CA1107 was better in 100-grain weight,ear diameter and lower plant height and ear height, but extended maturity, and easily decreased kernel per row and ear yield rate. CA1108 increased 100-grain weight,rows per ear and ear diameter,but extended maturity, increased plant height and ear height and grain moisture at harvest. According to SCA of yield,CA1303, CA1106 and CA1104 were closer to SS, CA1303, CA1106 and CA1104 were closer to NSS. CA1109, CA1107 and CA1108 could be used directly to breed high-yield combinations, the others directly combined with high-yield combinations had low success rate, so they need to be modified to use.
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