不同氮肥处理下高温胁迫对夏玉米产量及叶片超微构造的影响
以郑单 958为材料，研究高温胁迫对夏玉米产量及叶片超微构造的影响。研究结果表明，高温缩短夏玉米的生育天数（14d，17d），降低夏玉米产量及叶绿素含量；随氮肥增加，高温处理与对照处理玉米产量的差异百分含量先降低后升高（在N3下，高温处理产量的降低达到27.2%，31.1%）；高温较对照维管束鞘细胞变大，高温维管束鞘细胞内的叶绿体出现了淀粉粒（H-N2及H-N3），而对照处理维管束鞘细胞内的叶绿体没有出现淀粉粒；高温线粒体及细胞核（被）膜开始解离（H-N2及H-N3），而对照,处理线粒体及细胞核（被）膜完整。这说明高温条件下，玉米对氮的耐受力降低。高温叶绿体数、叶绿体基粒数减少及基粒片层数减少，叶绿体面积及叶绿体长/宽比值变小；高温较对照线粒体数先增加后减少；高温与对照叶肉细胞叶绿体内均未发现淀粉粒。
英文摘要:
Zhengdan 958 was used to study the effects of heat stress on grain yield and leaf anatomical structure in summer maize (Zea mays L.). The results showed that the treatment of heat stress shorten the growth period of days of summer maize（14d，17d） and reduced grain yield and chlorophyll in ear leaf of summer maize. Percentage difference in yield of Maize Treated with high temperature and control reduced firstly and then increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer (H- N3: 27.2%，31.1%).The treatment of heat stress increased vascular bundle sheath and starch granule appeared in chloroplast of vascular bundle sheath(H- N2 and H- N3). Mitochondria and nuclear membranedisintegrated (H- N2 and H- N3) in the treatment of heat stress. Number of chloroplast, number of grana in the chloroplast and number of grana lamellae decreased and area of chloroplast in the treatment of heat stress. And chloroplast length /width minished in the treatment of heat stress. Number of mitochondria increased firstly and then decreased with decreased nitrogenous fertilizer.There was no starch granule in all treatment.
查看全文
;
