不同玉米品种倒伏抗性与产量相关性状的聚类和相关分析
为探究不同玉米品种茎秆力学和植株形态与抗倒伏的关系以及倒伏对产量的影响,并筛选出高产抗倒品种,以32个山东省主要推广玉米品种为材料,对其茎秆性状和产量性状进行聚类分析及相关性分析。结果表明,当阈值为16.67时,分为抗倒性相对较强和相对较弱两大类。抗倒性强的玉米品种具有茎秆抗推力较强、茎秆较粗、株型较矮等特点,其中茎秆抗推力和茎粗在不同类玉米品种中差异显著,表明茎秆抗推力和茎粗可以作为衡量不同玉米品种抗倒伏能力的主要性状指标,茎秆抗推力与茎粗表现为极显著正相关,相关系数为0.45**。抗倒伏强的玉米品种,单株产量达到154.07g,比抗倒性弱的品种增加了31.99%,单株产量与茎秆抗推力和茎粗表现为极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.46**、0.44**。在玉米产量性状相关分析中,穗长、穗粗和百粒重与单株产量表现出极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.60**、0.62**和0.57**,穗粗和百粒重与茎秆抗推力表现出极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.47**和0.44**。根据抗倒高产玉米品种的茎秆和产量特性,本研究认为适当增加茎秆抗推力、茎粗和穗粗等,更有利于提高品种抗倒能力和单株产量。
英文摘要:
In order to explore the relationship between stem mechanics, plant morphology and lodging resistance of different maize varieties, besides the influence of lodging on yield, and select high-yield and lodging-resistant varieties, 32 maize varieties which were extended widely in Shandong province were used as materials, the cluster and correlation analysis was done according to stem and yield traits of those maize varieties. The results showed that those maize varieties could be divided into two categories: relatively lodging-resistant varieties and relatively lodging-sensitive varieties when the threshold was 16.67. It is found that the stem anti-thrust was strong, the stem diameter was coarse and the plant type was short in lodging-resistant varieties, among them, the stem anti-thrust and stem diameter were significantly different in different maize varieties, indicating that the stem anti-thrust and stem diameter can be used as the main characters to measure lodging resistance of different maize varieties. The stem anti-thrust was significantly positively correlated with stem diameter and the correlated coefficient was 0.45**. Compared with lodging-sensitive varieties, the yield per plant of lodging-resistant varieties reached 154.07g on average, which increased by 31.99%, the yield per plant was significantly positively correlated with the stem anti-thrust and stem diameter, the correlation coefficients were 0.46** and 0.44**, respectively. Correlation analysis of yield traits showed that the yield per plant was significantly positively correlated with the ear length, ear diameter and 100 grain weight, the correlation coefficients were 0.60**, 0.62** and 0.57**, the stem anti-thrust was significantly positively correlated with ear diameter and 100 grain weight, the correlation coefficients were 0.47** and 0.44**. According to the stem and yield traits of high-yield and lodging-resistant varieties, it is considered that increasing the stem anti-thrust, stem diameter and ear diameter properly will be useful to improve the ability of lodging-resistance and yield per plant.
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