近年来,随着我国玉米籽粒全程机械化采收进程快速推进,东北春玉米的生产正从追求单一高产优势向追求综合生产与技术方面转变,找出限制东北春玉米密植高产高效和机械化收获的关键因素并提出具体解决方式显得尤为重要。本文从品种布局、土壤耕作与施肥、气候、机械以及土地流转这五个方面入手,通过文献查阅、实地调查、委托调查、专家访谈、农户访谈、电话咨询等方式相结合,以吉林省为主要调查区域,并将其划分东、中、西部,对限制东北春玉米密植高产高效和机械化收获的关键因素进行了详细分析。充分结合目前东北地区春玉米种植与收获过程中存在的种种问题,具体提出相应的解决意见和对策,以助推东北春玉米密植高产高效与全程机械化采收进程。
英文摘要:
In last decade, the progress of mechanized harvesting of maize kernel has been advancing rapidly in China. The production of northeastern spring maize has shifted from pursuing a single superiority of high yield to pursuing comprehensive production and technology. It is very important to find out the key factors limited the close planting high-yield and high-efficiency and mechanized harvest of spring maize in Northeast China. This article starts from five aspects of variety layout, soil tillage and fertilization, climate, machinery and land transfer. Taking Jilin Province as the main survey area, and divide it into east, middle and west, a detailed analysis was made of the key constraints factors on the high yield, high efficiency and mechanized harvesting of spring maize in the Northeast China. The problems existing in the planting and harvesting of spring maize in Northeast China are fully combined, and the corresponding solutions and countermeasures are proposed.In order to boost the entire mechanized harvesting process of northeast spring maize.
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