2014～2017年在山东省聊城茌平县、德州陵县、烟台莱州市、滨州滨城区等地开展机械粒收玉米品种鉴选与机械粒收质量评价。结果表明，机械粒收籽粒破碎率在3.2%~30.5%之间，均值为12.3%，未达国标≤5%要求的样本占比为95.1%；杂质率分布于0.6%~12.3%之间，平均值为4.2%，未达国标≤3%要求的样本占比为60.5%。收获时籽粒含水率符合正态分布，样本含水率范围在26.6%~40.6%之间，平均值为33.0%。含水率与破碎率、杂质率均呈极显著的指数增长模型，含水率高是导致收获质量差的重要原因。山东玉米品种选择更偏重产量表现，收获时往往刚达到生理成熟，半数品种收获时籽粒含水率分布于31.0%~35.0%之间，其产量表现显著高于其他含水率的样本。推广应用机械粒收技术，需要更新熟期适宜、脱水迅速的粒收品种。
英文摘要:
During 2013-2017, An experiment about cultivar selection and technology integration of mechanical grain harvest was carried out in Liaocheng, Dezhou, Qingdao, and Binzhou in Shandong province, 65 Varieties were conducted by mechanical grain harvest and evaluated. The results showed that the grain breakage rate was between 3.2% and 30.5%, and the mean value was 12.3%. The proportion of samples that do not meet the requirement of 5% or less of the national standard is 95.1%. The impurity rate was between 0.6% and 12.3%, and the mean value was 4.2%. The proportion of samples that do not meet the requirement of 3% or less of the national standard is 60.5%. The grain water content significantly followed the normal distribution with the mean value of 33.0%. The regression analysis showed that the grain water content has significantly positively exponential function relationship with the grain breakage rate and the impurity rate respectively. Moreover, the high water content was an important cause of maize poor harvest quality. Half samples of grain moisture content were between 31.0% and 35.0%, which the yield performance was significantly higher than that of other samples. Yield performance was the primary evidence for variety selection in Shandong Province. To popularize and apply mechanical grain harvesting technology, it is necessary to update grain harvest cultivars with appropriate maturation period and rapid dehydration.
查看全文
;
