以不同基因型玉米生产主栽玉米品种郑单958、先玉335、京科968和京农科728为试验材料,研究适温(25℃)和低温(10℃)胁迫下玉米种子萌发过程中发芽势、发芽率、芽长、根长、种子a-淀粉酶及保护酶活性等等的变化,探讨低温胁迫对不同基因型玉米品种种子萌发特性的影响。结果表明,(1)在25℃和10℃条件下,京科968和京农科728的发芽势和发芽率均高于郑单958和先玉335,；其中,在10℃低温胁迫下,京科968的发芽势较郑单958和先玉335分别高11.25%和10.41%、发芽率较郑单958和先玉335高分别高9.95%和4.56%,,京农科728的发芽势较郑单958和先玉335分别高10.12%和9.29%、发芽率较郑单958和先玉335分别高9.20%和3.84%。(2)10℃条件下低温胁迫下,京科968和京农科728的芽长和根长显著高于郑单958和先玉335,而在对照条件下4个参试玉米品种的的芽长和根长差异不显著。(3)2个温度处理条件下,京科968和京农科728种子的α-淀粉酶、POD和CAT酶活性均高于郑单958和先玉335,尤其在10℃条件下优势更明显；而MDA含量在品种间则呈相反趋势(对照条件下淀粉酶活性比较？)低温胁迫下,参试玉米品种萌发过程中种子α-淀粉酶活性呈逐渐升高趋势。参试玉米品种萌发过程中；POD和CAT酶活性呈先升高后降低趋势,其中在低温胁迫后3 d达到峰值。在25℃和10℃条件下,京科968和京农科728种子的POD和CAT活性均高于郑单958和先玉335,而MDA含量则呈相反趋势。由此可见,在低温胁迫下,京科968和京农科728的发芽势、发芽率、芽长、根长、α-淀粉酶活性、POD和CAT活性等、根系长度和芽长、发芽势和发芽率均高于郑单958和先玉335,表现出较强的耐低温萌发能力。
英文摘要:
An experiment was conducted to study the effects of low temperature stress on the germination potential, germination rate, bud length, root length, a- amylase and protective enzyme activities of seeds of maize seeds, by using 4 widely planted maize varieties in China, Zhengdan958(ZD958), Xianyu335(XY335), Jingke968(JK968) and Jingnongke728(JNK728), under suitable temperature (25℃) and low temperature (10℃) conditions. The results showed that (1) The germination potential and germination rate of JK968 and JNK728 were higher than that of ZD958 and XY335 under 25℃ and 10℃ treatments. The germination potential of Jingke968 was 11.25% and 10.41% higher than Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335; germination rate were 9.95% and 4.56% higher than Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335, respectively. The germination potential of Jingnongke728 was 10.12% and 9.29% higher than Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335, and the germination rate was 9.20% and 3.84% higher than Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335, respectively. (2) The bud and root lengths of Jingke968 and Jingnongke728 were significantly higher than those of Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335 under the condition of 10℃, but there was no significant difference among the four maize varieties under control condition. (3) The activities of alpha-amylase, POD and CAT activity in the seeds of Jingke968 and Jingnongke728 were higher than those of Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335, especially under the condition of 10℃. The MDA content showed opposite trend. Therefore, the germination potential, germination rate, bud length, root length, and the activities of ɑ-amylase, POD and CAT of JK968 and JNK728 were higher than those of ZD958 and XY335 under low temperature stress, which showed strong ability to withstand low temperature in the process of germination.
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