耐密型新品种的选育是实现玉米高产的一个重要途径，研究玉米的耐密性及遗传规律，对耐密高产优良自交系及杂交种的选育具有重要理论和实践意义。本研究以豫82×沈137衍生的一套F10家系为材料，通过4 000株/亩和8 000株/亩两种密度对玉米8个株型相关性状进行表型鉴定。联合方差分析结果表明，叶夹角、穗上节间距、株高、穗位高4个性状基因型×密度间互作差异达显著水平，说明基因型与密度间互作是影响它们变异的主要因素，可将上述4个性状作为判断玉米株型耐密性指标。两种密度处理比较结果表明，随着密度的增加上述4个性状平均值也随着增加。将两种密度条件下性状平均值比较，可将190个家系划分为密度敏感型、较敏感型、中间型和钝感型4种类型。
英文摘要:
The selection and breeding of new density resistant varieties is an important way to achieve high yield of maize. It is important to study the resistant of density and heredity of maize and the breeding of high density and high yield inbred lines and hybrids. This has important theoretical and practical significance. In this study, a set of F10 families derived from Yu 82 × Shen 137 was used as the material to identify the phenotype of 8 plant types of Maize by 4000 plant / mu and 8000 plant / mu two densities. The results of the combined variance analysis showed that the differences of interaction between the 4 genotypes of the leaf angle, the interval of the spike, the height of the plant, the height of the spike and density were significant. The interaction between the genotype and the density was the main factor affecting their variation, and the above 4 traits could be used as an indicator of the tolerance to the plant type of maize. The comparison of two density treatments showed that the average of the 4 traits increased with the increase of density. The 190 families were divided into 4 types: density sensitive, sensitive, intermediate and insensitive, based on the comparison of the average values under two densities.
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