摘要：本研究对138个玉米自交系在泰安2016、2017年连续两年夏天进行花期套网袋授粉，结合玉米自交系自然开放授粉，研究玉米自交系授粉结实率的差异，通过套袋和自然开放授粉来区分花丝造成的不育，还是花粉引起的不育，建立玉米自交系耐热性评价，并筛选出一些耐热的玉米自交系，结果如下：根据高温下两年都遇到日平均温度在30℃以上自然开放授粉结实率为依据将材料划分为4类，高度耐热性的材料，耐热性中等的材料，耐热性较弱材料，不耐热材料。两年都遇到网袋授粉日平均温度在30℃以上结实率偏低的材料有133个，因为花丝耐热性差造成结实率低的材料68个，因花粉耐热性差造成结实率低的材料65个，找到了5个耐热性好的材料：京2416、B尖八-1-2、B138-1-2、(488/8001-1-4)-2-1-2、Pr07500-1-1。这些结果对开花授粉期间耐高温自交系的选育、评价具有参考价值。
英文摘要:
In this study, 138 maize inbred lines are pollinated with flower-net bags during their flowering periods in two consecutive summers in 2016 and 2017 in Taian, and their seed setting rates are studied in comparison with that of natural open-pollinated ones. The infertility caused by filaments is identified by both bagging and natural open pollination, and whether the infertility is caused by pollen. Evaluation on heat resistance of maize inbred lines is established and some heat-resistant maize inbred lines are selected. Based on the seed setting rate of natural open pollination with a daily average temperature more than 30°C for both the two years, the materials are classified into four types. Among them, high heat resistance, moderate heat resistance, relatively low heat resistance and no heat resistance. Regarding the maize inbred lines pollinated with flower-net bags with a daily average temperature more than 30°C, the number of materials with low seed setting rate is 133, the number of materials with low seed setting rate caused by poor heat resistance of filaments and pollen is 68 and 65, respectively. Besides, Five heat-resistant materials were: Jing2416, Bjianba-1-2, B138-1-2, (488/8001-1-4)-2-1-2 and Pr07500-1-1. The results have reference value for breeding and evaluation of heat-resistant inbred lines during flowering and pollination.
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