通过两年的大田试验，在玉米-大豆带状复合种植模式下，研究了21个玉米品种在净作和套作模式下的产量水平，以产量为7500kg?hm-2为界限，将供试的玉米品种划分为三个产量类别，即净作高产套作高产、净作高产套作低产和净作低产套作低产，通过比较净作高产套作高产与净作高产套作低产两个类别下玉米的形态特征，从品种间形态的变异系数和形态指标与产量的相关性，筛选出叶面积、株高、穗上位二叶夹角和穗位高可作为选择套作高产玉米品种的主要形态指标。套作玉米品种叶面积吐丝期维持在6415 cm2?株-1-7158 cm2?株-1；穗上位二叶夹角分别在20°-31°和22°-28°范围内；株高为259 cm-280 cm，穗位高为94.5cm-113.0cm时，可获得较高的套作玉米产量。。
英文摘要:
We conducted two field experiments (2014 and 2015) to investigate the yield potential in sole and intercropping systems using various maize varieties (n=21) in maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system. Based on yield levels, the maize varieties were categorized into three groups, i.e., maize yield in sole and intercropping system higher than 7500 kg.hm-2 (SHIH), yield higher than 7500 kg.hm-2 in sole but lower than 7500 kg.hm-2 in intercropping system (SHIL), and yield lower than 7500kg.hm-2 in both sole and intercropping system (SLIL). We further investigated the plant morphological characteristics under different yield levels. Based on variation coefficient of morphological characteristics and correlation between morphological characteristics and yield, we observed that morphological characteristics such as leaf area, leaf angle above ear-position, height and ear height as were main indicants of high maize yield in intercropping system. However, we speculate that the leaf area per plant was the main parameter that was significantly affected the yield in SHIL. It is enticing to report that maize in SHIH group had high leaf area (6415cm2.plant-1-7158.cm2.plant-1). Two leaf angles above ear-position of plants in SHIH group were 20-31°and 22-28o. To sum-up, high yield of maize was correlated with the height and ear position, the yield was higher when the height of maize was around 259-280cm and ear position around 94.5-113.0cm.
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