玉米C型胞质雄性不育系 C联848败育的生理机制初探
本试验以玉米C型雄性不育系C联848及其保持系H19为研究对象，对两者叶片中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶的活性，丙二醛含量进行研究比较，结果表明：C联848的花药都不外露，形状瘦小萎缩，饱满度较差，剥开花药未发现花粉粒存在，通过碘染镜检未发现可育花粉粒,不育系C联848经多年多季种植，在不同世代，未发现有可育植株存在。在生长发育的各个时期不育系叶片中SOD活性都低于保持系；从苗期到拔节期，不育系与保持系叶片中POD活性都略有上升，差异并不显著，当玉米由营养生长转入生殖生长，不育系叶片中的POD活性迅速上升，且与保持系差异显著，并且不育系叶片中的POD活性始终都高于保持系；在玉米转入生殖生长后，不育系叶片中的CAT活性增长缓慢，远低于保持系中CAT的活性，且在吐丝期两者差异最为显著；玉米生长发育的各个时期，不育系叶片中的MDA含量均高于保持系，在抽雄期差异最为显著。
英文摘要:
The activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and malonaldehyde in the maize C male sterility line C-848 and its maintenance line H19 were studied.The results show that: The anthers of C-848 were not exposed, the shape was thin and shrunken, and the plumpness was poor. No pollen grains were found in anthers. No fertile pollen grains were found by iodine microscopic examination, The male sterile line C-848 was planted for many years and many seasons. No fertile plants were found in different generations of backcross breeding.The activity of SOD in the leaves of the CMS lines was lower than that of the maintainer line at all stages of growth and development; from the seedling stage to the jointing stage, POD activity in both the CMS line and the maintainer line’s leaves increased slightly, and the difference was not significant. From vegetative growth to reproductive growth, the POD activity in the CMS line increased rapidly, and was significantly different from that of the maintainer line. The POD activity in the CMS line was always higher than that in the maintainer line; after the maize was transferred to reproductive growth, The CAT activity in the CMS line changed slowly and was much lower than that in the maintainer line, and the difference was most significant at silking stage. The MDA content in the CMS lines was higher than maintainer line in in all growth stages of maize, the most significant difference in the tasseling period.
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