氮、磷、钾是玉米生长发育的重要三大营养元素，本试验以黄淮海大面积种植的郑单958（ZD958）、先玉335（XY335）、郑单538（ZD538）、豫单606（YD606）、伟科702（WK702）、郑单1002（ZD1002）为试验材料，利用水培和大田试验相结合的方法，研究了不同玉米品种苗期的氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）吸收利用效率。结果表明，不同玉米品种之间NPK积累存在差异。与NPK处理相比，NPK-N胁迫下N相对积累量（RNAA）最高的是ZD958。NPK-P胁迫下P相对积累量（RPAA）最高的是XY335。NPK-K胁迫下K相对积累量（RKAA）最高的是YD606。NPK胁迫显著提高了玉米苗期对NPK的相对利用效率，其中N提高了2.91倍，P提高了3.98倍，K提高了6.16倍。相同施肥条件下，ZD1002产量最大，XY335最小；WK702增产率最大，ZD958最小。结果提示，在玉米生产中可依据不同品种对NPK的吸收利用差异进行因种施肥，实现节肥减污绿色生产。
英文摘要:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are three important nutrient elements for corn growth and development. Zhengdan 958(ZD958), Weike 702(WK702) ,Zhengdan 1002(ZD1002) ,Xianyu 335 (XY335), Zhengdan 538 (ZD538) and Yudan 606 were used as experimental materials that were planted in large areas in Huanghuaihai. The nutrient solution test and field test were used to study the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in different maize varieties at seedling stage. The results showed that there were differences in NPK accumulation between different maize varieties. Compared with NPK treatment, the highest relative nitrogen accumulation (RNAA) of maize seedlings under NPK-N stress was ZD 958.Under the NPK-P stress, the highest relative phosphorus accumulation (RPAA) at seedling stage was XY 335. The highest relative potassium accumulation (RKAA) at seedling stage under NPK-K stress was YD 606. Under N, P and K stress, there were also genotype differences in NPK utilization efficiency of maize seedling stage. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium stress significantly increased the N, P and K utilization efficiency of corn seedlings. Nitrogen stress increased N relative utilization efficiency by 2.91 times, phosphorus stress increased the relative utilization efficiency of phosphorus by 3.98 times, and potassium stress increased potassium relative use efficiency by 6.16 times. Under the conditions of fertilization, the yield of ZD 1002 was the largest and XY335 was the smallest; the fertilization yield of WK 702 was the largest and ZD 958 was the smallest. In the production of corn, the nutrient characteristics of different varieties can be fully utilized to increase the efficiency of fertilizer use, ensure accurate fertilization, and reduce environmental pollution.
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