为了完善秸秆还田技术、探索适宜当地生产和生态条件的玉米秸秆还田方式,本试验采用尼龙网袋法,研究了不同还田方式(覆盖、深埋)、不同还田环境(室内高温环境、生产田自然环境)条件下,不同秸秆长度(10cm、20cm、30cm、40cm)、不同植株部位(茎、叶、穗轴)秸秆的腐解规律及其相互影响作用。结果表明,玉米茎秆腐解过程总体呈现“快-慢-快-慢”趋势,两年腐解率达62.10%-73.23%；还田玉米叶子的腐解规律表现为前期快后期慢,第一个月腐解率达22.80%-40.78%。秸秆腐解速率显著受还田部位、还田环境、还田深度及秸秆长度影响,且各影响因素间交互作用对秸秆腐解速率影响显著(P＜0.01)；不同部位秸秆腐解速率常数k差异较大。在本试验条件下,小秸秆深埋还田最有利于秸秆腐解。
英文摘要:
To improve the technique of straw incorporation and explore the way of straw incorporation suitable for local production and ecological conditions, this experiment studied the straw decomposition regularity and the interactionSeffect of different straw incorporation depth (covered, deeply buried), different straw incorporation environment (chamber high temperature environment, filed natural environment), different straw incorporation length (10cm、20cm、30cm、40cm) and different straw incorporation parts (stem, leaf and corncob)with the nylon mesh bag method. The results showed that, the process of maize stem decomposition presented a tendency of “fast-slow-fast-slow”, the decomposition rate was 62.10%-73.235 in two years. The decomposition regularity of maize leaves is slow in the early stage, the first month decomposition rate was 22.80-40.78%. The straw decomposition speed was greatly affected by the incorporation parts, the incorporation environment, the incorporation depth and the straw length, and the straw decomposition speed was greatly affected by the interaction effect of those influence factors(P＜0.01). The straw decomposition speed constant K differed greatly among different parts of straw. Under this experimental condition, the straw smashed and deeply buried was the most benefit to the straw decomposition, which could be used under theSfavorable moisture andStemperature conditions for cost saving.
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