先前的盆栽试验表明，用壳寡糖浸种或包衣可促进玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长，并增强其耐旱性。但是，鲜有全生育期的田间试验，特别是对产量增益的报道。针对壳寡糖持续时间不长的作用机制，本研究在自然干旱条件下多次叶面喷施不同浓度的壳寡糖，调查其对不同玉米杂交种抗旱相关生理指标、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明，在五、十和十五叶期叶面喷施壳寡糖，叶片相对含水量均较清水对照显著提高，电导率和丙二醛含量较清水对照显著降低，吐丝期、生育期、株高、穗位高、穗行数和百粒重的影响不显著，但行粒数和穗粒重较清水对照显著提高，而且以0.3%浓度的作用更为明显。由此说明，在干旱胁迫下叶面喷施壳寡糖对细胞膜具有保护作用，可通过对行粒数的影响而提高玉米产量。
英文摘要:
Previous pot experiments showed that seed soaking or coating with chitosan oligosaccharides promoted germination of seeds, growth and drought tolerance of seedlings in maize. However, there are few field experiments for full growth period, especially reports on yield gain. In view of the short-acting mechanism of chitosan oligosaccharides, we investigated the effects of foliar spraying of chitosan oligosaccharides of different concentrations on physiological indices related to drought tolerance, yield and its components of different maize hybrids under natural drought condition. The results showed that foliar spraying of chitosan oligosaccharides at the five-, ten- and fifteen-leaf stages increased the relative water content, and decreased the conductivity and malondialdehyde content of maize leaf significantly compared with the blank control. The difference of silking stage, growth period, plant height, ear height, row number per ear and 100-kernel weight were not significant with the blank control, but kernel number per row and kernel weight per ear were increased significantly than the blank control. The effect of the 0.3% concentration was more obvious. These results indicate that foliar spraying of chitosan oligosaccharides protect the cell membrane under drought stress, increase maize product by its effect on kernel number per ear.
查看全文
;
