华中农大董五辈团队聚合9个基因对抗玉米纹枯病和小斑病

玉米纹枯病和小斑病是由立枯丝核菌和长蠕孢菌侵染导致的全球性真菌病害，严重威胁着玉米产量。最近，华中农业大学董五辈团队通过聚合9个基因，成功培育出高抗纹枯病和小斑病的玉米转基因材料。

立枯丝核菌和长蠕孢菌都属于死体营养型病原菌。与活体营养型病原菌不同，死体营养型病原菌能够快速杀死宿主细胞并从枯死组织中吸收营养，这就使得植物自身的防御系统无法正常工作，从而增加了病害防治的难度。为了对抗玉米中的这两个死体营养型病原菌，研究人员选取了7个植物防御应答基因（Chi、Glu、Ace-AMP1、Tlp、Rs-AFP2、ZmPROPEP1、Pti4）和2个细胞凋亡抑制基因（Iap、p35），并将其构建到4个双价载体和1个单价载体上，然后通过转化、杂交聚合、回交转育等育种途径将9个基因全部聚合到一起。经过一系列的筛选，玉米聚合转基因材料910中9个基因都有很高的表达水平，且该株系对玉米纹枯病和小斑病均有很高的抗性。

该研究不仅成功培育了玉米纹枯病和小斑病的抗性材料，而且探索了一条应对死体营养型病原菌的有效途径。



Theor Appl Genet. 2018 Jul 13.
Pyramiding of nine transgenes in maize generates high-level resistance against necrotrophic maize pathogens

Author
Xiang Zhu, Jinfeng Zhao, Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Abbas……Cuiying Bai, Guoying Wang, Wubei Dong*
*: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, China

Abstract
Maize sheath blight and southern corn leaf blight are major global threats to maize production. The management of these necrotrophic pathogens has encountered limited success due to the characteristics of their lifestyle. Here, we presented a transgenic pyramiding breeding strategy to achieve nine different resistance genes integrated in one transgenic maize line to combat different aspects of necrotrophic pathogens. These nine genes, selected from two different categories, plant defense response genes (Chi, Glu, Ace-AMP1, Tlp, Rs-AFP2, ZmPROPEP1 and Pti4), and anti-apoptosis genes (Iap and p35), were successfully transferred into maize and further implicated in resistance against the necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctoniasolani and Bipolaris maydis. Furthermore, the transgenic maize line 910, with high expression levels of the nine integrated genes, was selected from 49 lines. Under greenhouse and fieldtrial conditions, line 910 showed significant resistance against maize sheath blight and southern corn leaf blight diseases. Higher-level resistance was obtained after the pyramiding of more resistance transgenes from different categories that function via different mechanisms. The present study provides a successful strategy for the management of necrotrophic pathogens.

论文链接：link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00122-018-3143-1

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