以玉米秸秆为基质,筛选对木霉增殖有利的营养物质,对今后生防制剂的田间应用提供依据。本试验利用Plackett-Burman试验设计筛选影响木霉产孢的主要营养物,采用最陡爬坡试验测定3种营养物的最适浓度范围,通过Box-Benhnken试验设计,对三种营养物浓度进行优化,盆栽试验检测木霉在土壤中的存活情况及对玉米茎基腐病的防治。结果显示,筛选出对木霉产孢影响较大的三个营养物质,分别为氯化铵、硫酸钾、七水硫酸亚铁,最佳配方为氯化铵0.97 g/L,硫酸钾0.92 g/L,七水硫酸亚铁0.97 g/L。在此配方条件下孢子产量为2.61×109 个/g。盆栽试验显示利用木霉结合秸秆还田和肥料的施用,可增强其存活能力和降低玉米茎基腐病的发生率和病情指数。
英文摘要:
The corn straw was used as the substrate to screen the nutritive substances which were beneficial to the proliferation of Trichoderma pseudokoningii strain St-zn-9, and provide the basis for the application of the future biocontrol preparations in the field. Experiments were designed to screen the main factor on sporulation of T. pseudokoningiiSstrains St-zn-9 by Plackett-Burman method using Minitab software. Then, the experiment was conducted to determine the optimal concentration of the three factors by the steepest uphill. Finally, through the Box–Benhnken experimental design to determine the interaction of the three factors. Pot experiments were conducted to determine the survival of Trichoderma in soil and biocontrol on corn stalk rot. Results showed that the main factors were NH4Cl, K2SO4, FeSO4.7H2O. TheSoptimized formula was achieved as follows: NH4Cl 0.97 g/L, K2SO4 0.92 g/L, FeSO4.7H2O 0.97 g/L. In this formula, the sporeSyields ofST. pseudokoningiiSstrains St-zn-9 may reach 2.61 × 109 spores/g. Pot experiments showed that Trichoderma combined with straw returning and fertilizer application could greatly enhance their viability and reduce the incidence and disease index of corn stalk rot.
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