隔年秸秆还田对连作玉米养分积累及叶片生理特性的影响
为提高冷凉地区玉米秸秆还田效率,以秸秆不还田为对照,设置秸秆深翻还田和旋耕还田配施秸秆腐熟剂、深翻和旋耕还田不施秸秆腐熟剂处理,测定玉米茎秆、叶片、穗部和籽粒氮磷钾养分积累量及叶片生理活性,研究秸秆还田配施秸秆腐熟剂对玉米生长的影响。结果表明,不同秸秆还田方式显著提高上位叶及下位叶叶绿素含量、叶片SOD活性、茎鞘氮和钾积累量,并提高玉米产量,增产率7.56%～28.00%；其中旋耕和深翻秸秆还田配施腐熟剂处理显著提高穗位叶叶绿素含量,显著降低叶片MDA活性,显著提高叶片磷积累量；深翻还田配施腐熟剂极显著提高叶片、穗部、籽粒氮积累量。冷凉地区玉米秸秆深翻还田配施秸秆腐熟剂效果较好。
英文摘要:
In order to improve the efficiency of maize straw returning in cold area, with no straw returning control, straw returning and deep plowing tillage returning application of straw decomposition agent, deep plowing and rotary tillage with straw application of straw decomposition agent, accumulation amount and leaf physiological activity determination of maize stem leaf and panicle and grain nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrient; effect of straw fertilizer on the growth of maize straw decomposition agent. The results showed that different straw returning methods significantly increased the chlorophyll content of upper leaves and lower leaves, significantly increased SOD activity, stem and sheath nitrogen and potassium accumulation and maize yield.The yield increased from 7.56% to 28%. The rotary tillage and deep tillage straw fertilizer composting agent can significantly improve the chlorophyll content of ear leaf significantly reducing the MDA activity of leaves,increase leaf phosphorus accumulation and potassium accumulation of stem and sheath; deep plowing and returning with significantly increased leaf, panicle and grain nitrogen accumulation and decomposition agent application.The effect of maize straw deep plowing returning to the field and applying straw maturing agent in cold area was remarkable.
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