NAC蛋白是植物特异性转录因子，在不同发育过程和逆境反应中起重要作用。然而，在玉米中仅有少数关于NAC基因参与逆境的报道。本研究利用Illumina HiSeq技术，分别构建了5℃和22℃处理下的两个玉米叶组织转录组。利用生物信息学方法对NAC转录因子的染色体定位、基因共线性、系统进化关系、基因结构、保守结构域、启动子元件、组织表达模式等方面进行分析。从玉米转录组数据中共鉴定了38条低温响应NAC基因，包括6条膜结合转录因子，38条NAC中30条为上调，8条为下调。38条ZmNACs被分为12个亚族（NAC a-1），其中7条上调低温响应ZmNACs属于逆境相关亚家族（Stress related/NAC-h）。同一亚家族内，蛋白结构域和内含子/外显子结构相对保守。不同ZmNAC基因的在不同组织部位和发育阶段的表达模式有很大变化。非生物胁迫中的许多重要元件在38条ZmNACs的启动子中高度富集。本研究首次利用转录组分析和生物信息学分析鉴定了玉米低温响应ZmNACs，描绘了其分子特性。我们的数据有助于加深对玉米NAC基因家族的理解，为进一步的功能研究提供线索。
英文摘要:
Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319)
Abstract: NAC proteins are plant-specific transcription factors that play essential roles in diverse developmental processes and stress responses. However, only little information regarding stress-related NAC genes is available in maize.In this study, two transcriptomics were built from the leaves of maize treated with 5℃ and 22℃ using Illumina HiSeq, respectively. Chromosome location, gene collinearity, phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, conserved domain, motifs in promoter and tissue expression pattern of NAC were also analyzed by the bioinformatics methods.A total of 38 low-temperature responsive NAC genes including 6 membrane-bound TFs were identified from transcriptome data of maize, 30 of them were up-regulated and 8 were down-regulated. 38 ZmNACs were classified into 12 subfamilies(NAC a-l), 7 up-regulated low-temperature responsive ZmNACs belong to stress related subfamily (Stress related/NAC-h). The protein domain architecture and intron/exon structure are relatively conserved within each subfamily. The expression patterns of different ZmNAC genes varied greatly in different tissue and developmental stages. Lots of important elements in abiotic stress were highly enriched in the promoter of 38 ZmNACs. Overall, this study is the first to identify and characterize the low-temperature responsive ZmNACs in maize using transcriptome and bioinformatics analysis. Our data will deepen our understanding of the maize NAC gene family and provide new clues to investigate their functions.
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