东北地区主要土壤类型及其肥力指标与气象因子的相关性
应用SPSS及Excel软件,统计分析了东北地区(辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省和内蒙古东四盟)主要土壤类型的分布、利用及其养分指标(有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷等)与气象因子(年平均气温、≥10℃有效积温、无霜期、降水量等)的相关性。结果表明,东北地区的主要土壤类型涵盖了暗棕壤、草甸土、黑土、棕壤、白浆土、黑钙土、沼泽土、栗钙土、栗褐土等9个大的土壤类型,累积占土壤总面积的87%左右。耕地利用率达到60%以上有土壤类型主要有黑土、褐土和黑钙土；草甸土、栗褐土、风沙土、棕壤、栗钙土和白浆土的耕地利用率在30%以上；水稻土为开垦土壤,全部用作耕地。而土壤养分指标与气象因子表现出了不同程度的相关性,其中土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷等土壤养分与热量因子表现出极显著的负相关,与降水量呈显著或极显著的正相关。从宏观上分析,黑龙江省土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷等养分指标高于吉林省和辽宁省,但年平均温度、≥10℃有效积温和无霜期等热量指标则是辽宁省高于吉林省和黑龙江省,说明在气温升高的背景下,土壤有机质分解加快,不利于养分指标的积累,土壤肥力下降。
英文摘要:
the application of SPSS and Excel software, statistical analysis of the Northeast China (Liaoning Province, Jilin Province, Heilongjiang province and Inner Mongolia dongsimeng) by distribution, main types of soil and nutrient (organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available phosphorus) and meteorological factors (air temperature, Nian Ping was more than 10 DEG C for effective temperature frost free period and precipitation) correlation. The results show that the main soil types in northeast area covers the dark brown soil, meadow soil, black soil, brown soil, albic soil, chernozem soil, swamp soil, chestnut soil, cinnamon soil and other 9 major soil types, accounting for 87% of the total area of the accumulation of soil around. Cultivated land utilization rate reached more than 60% soil types are mainly black soil, cinnamon soil and chernozem; at a rate above 30% by meadow soil, cinnamon soil, sandy soil, brown soil, chestnut soil and Albic Soil in cultivated land; paddy soil reclaimed soil, all for cultivated land. The soil nutrient index and meteorological factors showed a different degree of correlation, the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and other soil nutrients and heat factors showed significant negative correlation, had significant positive correlation with precipitation. From the macroscopic analysis, Heilongjiang Province, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and other nutrient index is higher than that of Jilin province and Liaoning Province, but the annual average temperature, effective accumulated temperature more than 10 DEG C and frost free season heat index is higher than that of Jilin province and Liaoning Province, Heilongjiang Province, the increase in the gas temperature in the background accelerate the decomposition of soil organic matter, and is not conducive to nutrient accumulation, soil fertility decline.
查看全文
;
