本研究以132份玉米自交系为试材,测定生理成熟期和收获期的子粒含水量,计算生理成熟后子粒脱水速率。研究结果如下：自交系的起始鉴定时间是授粉后35天。在生理成熟期和收获期,早熟自交系的子粒含水量变幅分别为21.15~43.24 %和7.27~29.08 %,晚熟自交系分别为23.67~42.48 %和14.72~37.87 %。自交系间子粒自然脱水速率差异显著,早熟、晚熟自交系的脱水速率变幅分别为0.28～2.82 %/d和0.11～3.00 %/d。此外,主推品种的部分亲本和一些老的骨干系,在育种中可作为脱水快的材料加以利用。本研究结果将为子粒快速脱水自交系选育提供技术支撑和奠定材料基础。
英文摘要:
132 maize inbred lines were used in this study to measure kernel moisture content at physiological maturity and harvest stage. And then kernel natural dehydration rate after physiological maturity was calculated. The main results were as follows: The beginning point of the measurement for inbred lines is 35 days after pollination. At physiological maturity and harvest stage, the variation of kernel moisture content for early-maturity inbred lines was 21.15~43.24 % and 7.27~29.08 %, respectively. At those two stage, the variation of kernel moisture content for late-maturity lines was 23.67~42.48 % and 14.72~37.87 %, respectively. The kernel natural dehydration rate between inbred lines existed significantly difference, whose variation is 0.28～2.82 %/d and 0.11～3.00 %/d for early-maturity and late-maturity, respectively. In addition, some lines could be used in maize quick-loss moisture breeding program, which included their parents of the main commercial hybrids and elder elite lines. The results would provide technology support and material foundation for breeding maize inbred lines with high dehydration rates.
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