以郑单958、郑单528、伟科702和中单909 四个高产玉米品种为材料，在河南省北部、东部和南部3个生态区的6个试验点进行玉米产量及适宜密度范围差异研究。结果表明：生态环境对玉米产量及适宜密度的影响大于品种类型。4个玉米品种的产量为伟科702>中单909>郑单528>郑单958，其中，中单909的地点间变异系数最小，产量稳定性较好。4个品种产量在3个生态区的6个试验点间的差异都达到了显著水平，总体表现为豫北>豫南>豫东。4个品种在豫北试验点的适宜密度差异较大，平均密度在7.15万株/hm2左右；在豫东和豫南试验点的适宜密度差异较小，平均在6.66万株/hm2左右。3个生态区的6个试验点的土壤速效磷和速效钾、生育期光照和降水量的不同是造成产量及适宜密度差异的主要原因，其中土壤速效磷和速效钾以及生育期光照时数为正效应，降雨量为负效应。通过品种、密度等调控措施来充分利用生态资源，发挥区域优势，可实现河南省玉米高产高效生产。
英文摘要:
Experiments with maize cultivar ZD958, ZD528, WK702 and ZD909 planting on farmland of three ecological area in Henan province were conducted to study the effects of ecological environment and plant density on grain yield of summer maize. The results showed that the effect of environment on grain yield and appropriate density of maize as higher than that of cultivar. The order of grain yield was WK702>ZD909>ZD528>ZD958, and ZD909 had high yield stability with the lowest variation coefficient. The difference of grain yield existed significantly between different areas, the grain yield of different hybrids followed the order of: North Henan>South Henan>East Henan. There was a great difference in the appropriate density of different hybrids in North Henan, and the mean values of the appropriate density were 71 500 plants hm-2. However, there was a little difference in the appropriate density of different hybrids in South and East Henan, and the mean values of the appropriate density were 66 600 plants hm-2. Difference in soil available P, soil available K, sunshine and rainfall was one important reason that the grain yield was different in six locations. The grain yield had positive correlation with soil available P, soil available K and sunshine hours during the whole growth stage，and had a negatively correlated relationship with total rainfall during the whole growth stage. The higher grain yield of maize in Henan province can be obtained by different cultivars, densities and the other cultivated measures.
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