玉米株高和穗位高是影响玉米种植密度、抗倒性、光合产物转运的重要农艺性状。本研究以360份具有广泛遗传变异的玉米自交系为实验材料，分别在四川崇州、洪雅、雅安和云南西双版纳等四个地点测定该自然群体的株高和穗位高这两个重要的株型性状。利用44569个高质量SNP标记对玉米株高、穗位高进行全基因组关联分析解析，解析控制株高和穗位高的遗传基础。结果表明，在四个不同环境下，株高和穗位高的表型均符合正态分布，且株高和穗位高呈极显著的正相关关系；采用混合线性模型MLM在全基因组范围内对控制株高和穗位高的SNP进行挖掘。四个环境下，共检测到6个与株高显著关联的SNP位点，解释表型变异的14.26%，检测到18个与穗位高显著关联的的SNP位点，解释表型变异的12.62%；这些SNP位点分布于玉米的10条染色体上，其中在洪雅和雅安两个环境中检测到一个与株高相关稳定的SNP，该位点关联到的基因与细胞氨酰生物合成有关，推测其可能参与生长素合成，进而调控茎秆节间长。
英文摘要:
Maize plant height and ear height are important agronomic traits that affect planting density, lodging resistance, and photosynthate transportation of maize. In this study, a total of 360 maize inbred lines with widely genetic variation were subjected to investigation of plant height and ear height under different environments including Chongzhou, Hongya, Ya’an, and Xishuangbanna. Combined the phenotypes, 44569 SNP makers of high-quality were used for genome-wide association analysis and revelation of the genetic basis of plant height and ear height in maize. In results, the phenotypic values for both the traits displayed normal distributions, and a significantly positive correlation (P
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