【目的】为优异玉米自交系及杂交种选育提供科学依据。【方法】13个玉米自交系,NCⅡ不完全双列杂交设计配制成42个杂交组合,随机区组排列,田间品比鉴定和室内鉴定相结合。【结果】①西农672产量配合力高于昌7-2、7117,穗长、结实长、穗行数和行粒数性状的配合力高于昌7-2、PH6wc和7117；西农672出籽率性状配合力低于昌7-2；株高配合力低于PH6wc,高于昌7-2,也高于7117；西农672穗位高配合力高于PH6wc和7117,低于昌7-2。②西农672出籽率配合力与PH6wc相近；叶面积系数、穗长、穗行数、结实长、行粒数比昌7-2高,二百粒重、小区产量配合力比PH6wc略低。③用PH6wc来改良昌7-2得到的西农672,集中了PH6wc和昌7-2的优点,比之用武117改良昌7-2选育的7117,其综合性状改良效果较为显著。【结论】用PH6wc改良昌7-2育成西农672与用昌7-2×武117育成的7117和昌7-2相比较,其产量配合力、产量性状、农艺性状配合力等均有了显著提升。西农672选育表明,以自然选择的、经大面积生产和育种实践证明的优亲做供体亲本是优异自交系选育和改良提高的关键；秉承“优中选优、持续选优”的原则 ,是玉米自交系选育改良成功的基础。
英文摘要:
【Objective】Providing theoretical basis for excellent inbred lines and hybrid breeding.【Method】incomplete Diallel Croreid Design (NCⅡcroReid design), 42croReides were made with 13 inbred lines,plot arrange randomly, field determination integrate with laboratory determination .【Result】①The yield C. A. by Xinong672 is higher than Chang7-2and7117; the C.A. of Ear length, Ear length for grain, Rows per Ear, Grains per row by xinong672 is higher than Chang7-2, PH6wc and 7117;the C.A. of Grains percent by xinong672 is lower than Chang7-2; the C.A. of plant height by xinong672 is higher than Chang7-2and7117 and lower than PH6wc; the C.A. of Ear height by xinong672 is higher than PH6wc and 7117,and lower than Chang7-2. ②The C.A. of Grains percent by xinong672 is fairly with PH6wc;the C.A. of L.A.I., Ear length, Ear height, Ear length for grain, Rows per Ear, Grains per row by xinong672 is higher than Chang7-2; The C.A. of L.A.I.,200graine weight ,yield by xinong672 is lower than PH6wc slightly.③The xinong672 is bred from using PH6wc improvement Chang7-2,and it collected the advantage of PH6wc and Chang7-2,the synthesis improvement effect of xinong672 is better than 7117 which from using Wu117 improvement Chang7-2 obviously .【Conclusion】The yield C.A. ,yield characteristic and agronomy characteristic C.A. of Xinong672 which from using PH6wc improvement Chang7-2 has been more promoted than 7117 which from using Wu117 improvement Chang7-2 obviously. This study indicated that take the nature selected and excellent materials which proved by breeding practice and large area application as supply parents, is the key of excellent maize inbred line breeding; “selecting more excellent descendant from the excellent materials ,and be continued doing” is the principle of maize inbred line breeding .
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